特朗普在60天期限日再致函国会：对伊朗敌对行动已经终止

华盛顿—美国总统特朗普11月13日致函众议院议长迈克·约翰逊（Mike Johnson），在《战争权力法》60天期限到期当天再次表示，美国对伊朗的敌对行动已经终止，白宫无需国会批准即可维持在该地区的军事存在。前一天，参议院再度否决了要求结束对伊军事行动的战争权力决议。

特朗普在信中写道，他于4月7日下令停火，这项停火此后已经延长；自4月7日以来，美军与伊朗之间没有再交火，「2026年2月28日开始的敌对行动已经终止」。白宫的法律主张是：既然敌对行动已经终止，60天计时不再适用，总统无须为继续部署寻求国会授权。信中没有提出结束针对伊朗港口的海上封锁，封锁仍在执行。

战争部长赫格塞思11月12日在参议院作证时重申了同一立场，称4月7日停火意味着60天计时「暂停或停止」。这一解读此前已受到民主党人与法律专家质疑，他们认为《战争权力法》的文本并不允许计时暂停。

国会方面，参议院11月12日以47票对50票否决伊朗战争权力决议，这是参议院第六次否决同类决议。60天期限到期当天，议员们已经离开华盛顿，国会没有就此采取行动。按照1973年《战争权力决议》，总统未经国会授权把美军投入敌对行动的，须在60天内取得国会授权或结束行动，另可有30天用于安全撤军。

这是特朗普一周内第二次就同一问题致函国会：他在11月6日的上一封信中，已经作出「敌对行动已经终止」的表述。

（来源：白宫）

关联：

特朗普致函国会：对伊朗敌对行动已终止，不需要国会批准

On War Powers Deadline Day, Trump Writes Congress Again: Iran Hostilities Have 'Terminated'

WASHINGTON — President Donald Trump wrote to House Speaker Mike Johnson on November 13, the day a 60-day War Powers deadline expired, restating that U.S. hostilities against Iran have terminated and that the White House does not need congressional approval to maintain its military presence in the region. A day earlier, the Senate once again rejected a war powers resolution that would have required an end to military action against Iran.

In the letter, Trump wrote that he ordered a ceasefire on April 7 and that it has since been extended; that there has been no exchange of fire between U.S. forces and Iran since April 7; and that "the hostilities that began on February 28, 2026 have terminated." The White House's legal position is that because hostilities have ended, the 60-day clock no longer applies and the president does not need to seek authorization to keep forces deployed. The letter does not end the naval blockade of Iranian ports, which remains in force.

Secretary of War Pete Hegseth repeated the same position in Senate testimony on November 12, saying the April 7 ceasefire means the 60-day clock "pauses or stops." Democrats and legal experts have challenged that reading, arguing that the text of the War Powers Resolution does not allow the clock to be paused.

In Congress, the Senate rejected the Iran war powers resolution on November 12 by a vote of 47 to 50, the sixth time the chamber has turned back such a measure. On the day the 60-day deadline expired, lawmakers had left Washington and Congress took no action. Under the War Powers Resolution of 1973, a president who commits U.S. forces to hostilities without congressional authorization must obtain that authorization or end the action within 60 days, with a further 30 days allowed for a safe withdrawal.

It was Trump's second letter to Congress on the same question in a week: his November 6 letter had already stated that the hostilities had terminated.

(Source: The White House)

Related:

Trump Tells Congress Hostilities With Iran Have 'Terminated,' Arguing No Approval Is Needed

来源：白宫

发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）

图片来源：图：白宫北立面全景（资料图，GSM 联邦核心图库固定图）。Aaron Zhu 摄，CC BY-SA 3.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The north facade of the White House (file photo; GSM federal core asset pack). By Aaron Zhu, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

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