国际海事组织秘书长呼吁各国在霍尔木兹海峡严格执行航行安全规则

国际海事组织秘书长 Arsenio Dominguez 11月11日发表声明，呼吁各国在霍尔木兹海峡严格执行国际海事安全规则。他说，国际海事组织的技术与操作规则是为保护海员、船舶与海洋环境而设，必须得到尊重和有效执行，但有太多船舶在通过海峡时不遵守《国际海上人命安全公约》等公约的基本规定。

声明点名的不安全做法包括低标准船舶、遮盖国际海事组织船舶编号、欺诈注册与假旗船等。Dominguez 呼吁船旗国、港口国与相关沿岸国在各自管辖范围内依国际法查处违规，强烈敦促船东与运营商不要在海峡从事让海员面临不可接受风险的商业活动，并要求各国政府处理冲突根源；他说，这场冲突已经推高了全球数百万人的生活成本。

据国际海事组织统计，自2026年2月28日冲突开始以来，该组织已核实逾130起商船事件；截至11月10日共133起，25名海员死亡。这份声明紧接国际海事组织理事会第138届会议，该会议11月2日至6日在伦敦举行，谴责对商船的袭击，要求各国不要采取危及海员与国际航行的非法措施，并重申这条航道必须保持开放与安全。

这份11日的声明本身没有点名任何国家。此前在11月3日，Dominguez 还曾表示，由于无法确认海峡水雷已经清除，他不建议任何船舶通过海峡。

关联：伊朗议会官员称中国与印度船只缴通行费可过霍尔木兹海峡 印度称未获伊朗任何保证

IMO Secretary-General Calls on States to Strictly Enforce Maritime Rules in the Strait of Hormuz

International Maritime Organization Secretary-General Arsenio Dominguez issued a statement on November 11 calling on states to strictly enforce international maritime safety rules in the Strait of Hormuz. He said the IMO's technical and operational rules exist to protect seafarers, ships and the marine environment and must be respected and effectively enforced, yet too many vessels transit the strait without observing basic requirements of conventions such as the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS).

The unsafe practices named in the statement include substandard ships, obscured IMO ship identification numbers, and fraudulent registration and false flags. Dominguez called on flag, port and relevant coastal states to act against violations under international law within their jurisdictions, strongly urged shipowners and operators not to engage in commercial activity in the strait that puts seafarers at unacceptable risk, and asked governments to address the root causes of the conflict, which he said has raised the cost of living for millions of people worldwide.

According to the IMO, it has verified more than 130 merchant-ship incidents since the conflict began on February 28, 2026; as of November 10 the total stood at 133, with 25 seafarers killed. The statement follows the 138th session of the IMO Council in London on November 2-6, which condemned attacks on merchant shipping, called on states not to take unlawful measures endangering seafarers and international navigation, and reaffirmed that the waterway must remain open and safe.

The November 11 statement itself did not name any country. On November 3, Dominguez had separately said he did not recommend any vessel transit the strait because it could not be confirmed that naval mines had been cleared.

Related: Iranian Lawmaker Says Chinese and Indian Ships May Transit Hormuz for a Fee; India Says It Has No Iranian Assurance

来源：国际海事组织

发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）

图片来源：图：霍尔木兹海峡卫星图（资料图）。图：美国国家航空航天局 MODIS 陆地快速反应小组，公共领域，经维基共享资源 / Satellite view of the Strait of Hormuz (file photo). Photo by the MODIS Land Rapid Response Team, NASA GSFC, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

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