跟进：司法部向最高法院提交紧急申请：要求加州分开存放2万余名选民的邮寄选票、核实公民身份前不计票

华盛顿——美国司法部（Department of Justice）11月2日（周一）向美国最高法院提交紧急申请，要求命令加利福尼亚州把2万余名登记选民投出的邮寄选票分开存放，在逐一核实这些选民的公民身份之前不予计入。此时距11月3日中期选举投票日只剩一天，选举结果将决定国会两院的控制权。申请由美国联邦诉讼总长（Solicitor General）D. John Sauer签署提交。

司法部在申请中写道：「一旦加州把受质疑的选票与合法选票混在一起，就再也无法把这些受质疑的选票找回。」司法部称，这份2万余人的名单由美国国土安全部（Department of Homeland Security）汇编，已送交加州州政府与洛杉矶（Los Angeles）县官员。司法部10月15日起诉加州，主张该州阻碍联邦执行1996年的一项联邦法律，该法规定非公民在联邦选举中投票属刑事犯罪。

这项申请提交之前，司法部一周内已在下级法院三度受挫。联邦地区法官 David Carter 10月28日驳回司法部阻止计入相关选票的请求，写道联邦政府在选举前夕试图迫使一州放弃其宪法选举程序，在美国历史上前所未有，并质疑名单编制过程是否可信。位于旧金山（San Francisco）的美国第九巡回上诉法院上周五又以2比1拒绝同一请求，多数意见指出，强迫加州使用这份名单可能使合格选票不被计入，并危及洛杉矶县的整场选举；持异议的法官 Patrick Bumatay 则认为司法部的要求合理。

加州州总检察长 Rob Bonta 回应这项最高法院申请时表示，一周之内的三场法律胜利已经清楚表明，特朗普政府「无权干预加州的选举」，并称其关于选举欺诈的说法毫无根据。加州方面表示，该州已有一整套保障选举完整的法定制度，联邦编制名单的过程「高度可疑」；县级选举官员也指出，名单上的许多人并没有有效的选民登记、也没有收到邮寄选票，实际涉及的选票数量可能远少于2万张。此前，最高法院今年9月曾驳回特朗普政府限制邮寄投票的另一项努力。

最高法院是否会在选举日之前就这项紧急申请采取行动，目前尚不清楚；这类申请可以不经听证直接批准或驳回。本案仍在发展中。

关联：司法部非公民选民名单扩至五州：法院两度驳回阻止加州计票要求

关联：跟进：司法部要求法官考虑对移民权益组织处以藐视法庭：名单分析称逾四成不在加州选民档案

（来源：美国司法部）

Follow-Up: DOJ Asks Supreme Court to Order California to Set Aside Mail Ballots From More Than 20,000 Voters Pending Citizenship Verification

Washington — The U.S. Department of Justice on Monday, November 2, asked the U.S. Supreme Court to intervene in California's midterm vote counting, filing an emergency application that would order the state to set aside mail-in ballots cast by more than 20,000 registered voters and not count them until each voter's citizenship status is verified. The filing came one day before the November 3 midterm elections, which will decide control of Congress. The application was filed by U.S. Solicitor General D. John Sauer.

"Once California commingles the challenged ballots with lawful ones, there is no way to get the challenged ballots back," the Justice Department wrote in its appeal. The department says the list of more than 20,000 voters was amassed by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security and sent to California officials and to Los Angeles County officials. The Justice Department sued California on October 15, claiming the state is unlawfully preventing enforcement of a 1996 federal law that makes it a criminal offense for noncitizens to vote in federal elections.

The Supreme Court filing followed three losses for the department in lower courts within a week. U.S. District Judge David Carter rejected the request on October 28, writing that never before in American history has the federal government, on the eve of an election, sought to coerce a state to abandon its constitutional election procedures, and questioning whether the process used to build the list was credible. The San Francisco-based 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals refused the same request on Friday by a 2-1 vote, saying forcing California to use the list could bar valid votes from being counted and jeopardize the Los Angeles County election; Circuit Judge Patrick Bumatay dissented, calling the government's request reasonable.

California Attorney General Rob Bonta responded to the Supreme Court filing by saying that three legal victories in one week make clear the Trump administration has "zero authority to interfere in California's elections," and called its fraud claims baseless. California says it already has a comprehensive statutory scheme to ensure the integrity of its elections and that the process used to create the federal list is "highly suspect." County election officials have also noted that many people on the list did not have active voter registrations and were not mailed ballots, so the number of ballots actually in dispute is likely much smaller than 20,000. In September, the Supreme Court rebuffed a separate administration effort to restrict voting by mail.

It is not yet known whether the Supreme Court will act on the emergency application before Election Day; such applications can be granted or denied without a hearing. The case is still developing.

Related: DOJ Noncitizen Voter List Expands to Five States: Courts Twice Reject Bid to Block California Counting

Related: Follow-Up: DOJ Asks Judge to Consider Contempt for Immigrant Rights Group Over Voter List Analysis

(Source: U.S. Department of Justice)

来源：美国司法部

发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）

图片来源：图：位于 Washington 的美国最高法院大楼黄昏全景（资料图）。Joe Ravi 摄，CC BY-SA 3.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Panorama of the U.S. Supreme Court Building in Washington at dusk (file photo). By Joe Ravi, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

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