跟进：司法部向加州选举官员发出大陪审团传票：索取侦测非法投票的方法与回应记录，洛杉矶县登记官称做法对抗

据路透社10月29日报道，美国司法部在对所谓非公民投票的刑事调查中，已向加州州级与地方选举官员发出传票。位于加州洛杉矶县的县选民登记处（Los Angeles County Registrar-Recorder）上周收到联邦大陪审团传票，路透社周四看到了传票副本：传票索取该办公室侦测「外国人非法投票」所用方法、防止这类选票被计入的办法等信息。

传票还索取洛杉矶县对司法部本月一系列函件的回应记录。司法部此前已就此对加州提起民事诉讼，并致函警告选举官员：若不核实选民公民身份，可能面临刑事风险。另据本地媒体报道，司法部近来已致函加州58个县中的57个县，要求配合非法投票调查。

橙县选民登记官 Bob Page 表示，他周四收到一份传票，索取60名可能登记者的未删节选民登记资料。洛杉矶县选民登记官 Dean Logan 周四发表声明说：「司法部在每一步都采取了对抗性的做法。选举官员一直在依照州法与联邦法行事。」

司法部方面，代理副部长 Trent McCotter 周四对记者表示，该部在选前推动中已起诉156名移民，指控他们非法投票或非法登记投票，并曾以传票向州与地方选举官员取证。司法部发言人对最新传票不予置评，但表示加州与联邦政府「都同意，非公民投票应通过刑法处理」。目前尚不清楚洛杉矶县登记处本身是否是调查对象。

这批传票出现的前一天，联邦法官 David Carter 驳回了司法部要求暂时隔离加州一份2万名选民名单上邮寄选票的请求，司法部已就该裁定提出上诉。Carter 在周二的听审中曾对司法部律师表示，法院认为针对州与县选举工作人员的威胁应立即停止。加州方面的律师则质疑联邦政府移民数据的可靠性，并主张联邦政府无权干预州选举；按美国宪法，选举由各州负责管理。

中期选举将于下周二（11月3日）举行，将决定国会控制权。研究一再显示，非公民投票在美国极为罕见，且不影响选举结果；联邦与加州围绕选民名单的诉讼与取证动作仍在继续。

Follow-Up: DOJ Issues Grand Jury Subpoenas to California Election Officials Seeking Records on Detecting Unlawful Voting

The U.S. Department of Justice has issued subpoenas to California state and local election officials as part of a criminal investigation into alleged voting by noncitizens, Reuters reported on October 29. The Los Angeles County Registrar-Recorder's office in Los Angeles County, California, received federal grand jury subpoenas last week seeking information about the agency's methods for detecting unlawful voting by aliens and preventing such ballots from being counted, according to copies of the subpoenas seen by Reuters on Thursday.

The subpoenas also seek records related to Los Angeles County's response to a series of Justice Department letters this month. The department has filed a civil lawsuit against California and warned election officials that they risk criminal exposure if they do not verify voters' citizenship status. Federal prosecutors have also sent letters to 57 of California's 58 counties warning local officials to cooperate with investigations into illegal voting or face investigations themselves, according to local reporting.

Orange County Registrar of Voters Bob Page said he received a subpoena on Thursday seeking the unredacted voter registration information for 60 possible registrants. Los Angeles County Registrar-Recorder Dean Logan said in a statement on Thursday: "At every step, the US Department of Justice has taken a confrontational, adversarial approach. Election officials are acting in accordance with state and federal law."

Acting Deputy Attorney General Trent McCotter told reporters on Thursday that the Justice Department has charged 156 immigrants with voting or registering to vote unlawfully in a pre-midterm push, and has used subpoenas to state and local election officials to build such cases. A Justice Department spokesperson declined to comment on the latest subpoenas but said California and the federal government "agree that noncitizen voting is properly addressed through criminal law." It was not immediately clear whether Logan's office itself is a focus of the investigation.

The subpoenas came a day after U.S. District Judge David Carter rejected a Justice Department request to temporarily block California from counting mail-in ballots from a list of 20,000 voters the administration alleges are likely noncitizens; the department has appealed the ruling. Before ruling, Carter told department lawyers at a hearing on Tuesday that the court believed any threats to state and county election employees should cease immediately. Lawyers for California have questioned the reliability of the administration's immigration data and argued that the federal government does not have the authority to intervene in its elections; under the U.S. Constitution, states administer elections.

The midterm elections will be held next Tuesday, November 3, and will determine control of Congress. Studies have repeatedly shown that voting by noncitizens is rare and has no impact on election results, while the legal and investigative fight between Washington and California over the voter rolls continues.

来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）

图片来源：图：位于 Washington 的美国司法部总部 Robert F. Kennedy 大楼。APK 摄，CC BY 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / The Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building in Washington. Photo by APK, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

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