跟进：加州总检察长向联邦法院提交答辩 要求不要批准司法部隔离2万张选票的紧急申请

加州总检察长 Rob Bonta 10月20日向位于加州洛杉矶县的洛杉矶美国联邦地区法院提交答辩文件，要求法官不要批准美国司法部（DOJ）提出的临时限制令与初步禁令申请。司法部要求加州把约2万名被其指为疑似非公民登记者的邮寄选票先行隔离、暂不计入。据 CalMatters 报道，这份文件是加州对司法部上周起诉加州一案的正式回应，提交时间在联邦检察官周一宣布起诉28名绿卡持有人之后一天。

Bonta 在文件中称，司法部这起诉讼「近乎荒谬」；文件写道，往好里说，这是一场鲁莽的政治作秀，往坏里说，它威胁要在本次选举中剥夺数千名加州人的投票权。文件还指出，联邦政府此前提出的广泛选民欺诈指控屡屡经不起审查，并引用近期一宗法院意见称，联邦公民身份记录「已知并不可靠」；文件称，国土安全部（DHS）至今没有向加州州务卿办公室提供支持其说法的证据或文件。

文件列举的数据包括：周一被起诉的28人全部在那份2万人名单上，但28人仅占加州2,300万登记选民的约0.0001%；28人中，检方指控22人至少投过一次票（包括今年6月初选）、5人只是登记、1人在2020年投过一张临时选票。Bonta 还指出，特朗普政府在向各州索取未删节选民名册的诉讼中已经输掉26宗。洛杉矶县选举官员周二提交的宣誓书显示，县方对联邦政府随身碟名单抽样200人做了初步分析，其中许多人看上去就是美国公民，而且大多数人没有投过票、也没有收到邮寄选票。文件还提到，加州官员一直在配合联邦大陪审团就约300人发出的传票。

文件另以邻州为例质疑联邦名单的准确性：国土安全部曾称内华达州选民名册上有近1.6万名非公民，但实际只向该州提供了185人的姓名，内华达州官员核实后确认这185人全部是美国公民。今年7月，联邦当局曾告诉加州，加州可能有多达19万名非公民选民；加州州务卿曾要求对方详细说明这一数字的来源，联邦方面没有给出书面答复。

司法部方面的说法已在前稿中报道：代理副总检察长 Trent McCotter 周一表示，2万人「只是下限」、数字可能还会增加，同时承认这一数字可能高估、名单上有些人可能确实是公民，并称名单是把加州公开选民名册与政府数据库等公开信息交叉比对而成；司法部在诉状中也承认，在2026年选举结束前由联邦政府逐一深挖这数千个名字「不切实际、也不可行」。州长纽森周二表示，可信的选民欺诈指控应当认真调查，但他质疑联邦政府在投票已经进行之际采取这一行动的时机。截至 CalMatters 发稿，司法部尚未就加州这份答辩文件作出回应，法院也尚未公布听证日期。

本案时间线为：司法部10月13日致函州务卿 Shirley Weber，随函把一份名单存入随身碟送交洛杉矶县选举官员，要求州方在48小时内审查；加州拒绝后，司法部于两天后起诉加州，并于10月19日申请紧急限制令，要求停处理名单上人员的选票。11月3日中期选举距今约两周，美国宪法规定各州对选举管理负有首要责任，这起诉讼被认为将检验联邦政府能否凭一份自认可能不准确的名单，要求一州暂停计票。

关联：跟进：司法部申请紧急限制令，要求加州停处理2万人名单上的选票

Update: California Attorney General Asks Federal Court to Deny DOJ Bid to Set Aside 20,000 Ballots

LOS ANGELES, California — California Attorney General Rob Bonta on October 20 filed a court response in the U.S. District Court in Los Angeles, in Los Angeles County, California, asking a federal judge to deny the U.S. Department of Justice's request for a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction. The Justice Department wants California to set aside and not count mail ballots from about 20,000 registrants it describes as likely noncitizens. According to CalMatters, the filing is California's formal response to the lawsuit the Justice Department filed against the state last week, submitted a day after federal prosecutors announced charges against 28 green card holders on Monday.

In the filing, Bonta called the Justice Department's lawsuit one that 'borders on the absurd,' writing that at best it is a reckless political stunt and at worst it threatens to disenfranchise thousands of Californians in this election. The filing said the federal government's broad voter-fraud allegations have repeatedly crumbled under scrutiny, quoted a recent court noting that federal citizenship records are 'known to be unreliable,' and said the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has not provided the Secretary of State's office with evidence or documentation supporting its assertions.

The filing cited figures including these: all 28 people charged on Monday appear on the 20,000-name list, but they amount to about 0.0001 percent of California's 23 million registered voters; prosecutors allege 22 of the 28 voted in at least one election, including as recently as the June primary, five only registered, and one cast a provisional ballot in 2020. Bonta also noted the Trump administration has lost 26 lawsuits seeking unredacted voter rolls from states. In declarations filed Tuesday, Los Angeles County election officials said a preliminary analysis of a sampling of 200 voters from the federal thumb drive showed many appear to be citizens, and most had not voted and were not sent ballots. The filing also said state officials have been complying with federal grand jury subpoenas seeking information on about 300 people.

The filing also questioned the accuracy of the federal list by pointing to Nevada: DHS claimed nearly 16,000 noncitizens were on Nevada's rolls but sent the state only 185 names, and Nevada officials confirmed all 185 were U.S. citizens. In July, federal authorities told California there could be as many as 190,000 noncitizen voters in the state; California's secretary of state asked for a detailed accounting of that figure, and the administration would not put it in writing.

The Justice Department's position was reported in earlier coverage: Acting Deputy Attorney General Trent McCotter said Monday the 20,000 figure was 'just the floor' and likely to grow, while acknowledging it could be an overcount and that some names may turn out to be citizens; he said the list was built by cross-referencing California's public voter rolls with other government databases and public information. In its own lawsuit, the department said it is 'not practicable or feasible' for the federal government to dig deeper into the thousands of flagged names before the 2026 election concludes. Governor Gavin Newsom said Tuesday that credible voter-fraud allegations should be taken seriously and investigated, but questioned the timing in the middle of voting. As of the CalMatters report, the Justice Department had not responded to California's filing, and no hearing date had been announced.

The timeline: on October 13 the Justice Department wrote to Secretary of State Shirley Weber and sent Los Angeles County election officials a thumb drive with the list, demanding a review within 48 hours; California refused, the department sued two days later, and on October 19 it moved for the emergency order while announcing the charges. With the November 3 midterm elections about two weeks away, the case is seen as a test of whether the federal government can pause a state's vote count based on a list it acknowledges may be inaccurate, in an area where the U.S. Constitution gives states primary authority over elections.

Related: Follow-Up: DOJ Seeks Emergency Restraining Order to Stop California Processing Ballots From 20,000-Name List

来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）

图片来源：图：位于华盛顿的美国司法部（DOJ）总部大楼（资料图）。Tony Webster 摄，CC BY 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。Photo: U.S. Department of Justice headquarters in Washington, D.C. (file photo). By Tony Webster, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

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