参议员沙欣与库恩斯致函马斯克：要求SpaceX保全乌克兰星链与星盾全部记录，11月30日前书面确认

美国参议院外交关系委员会首席民主党参议员珍妮·沙欣（Jeanne Shaheen）与参议员克里斯·库恩斯（Chris Coons）11月13日致函SpaceX首席执行官埃隆·马斯克，要求他与SpaceX立即保全与乌克兰使用「星链」和「星盾」卫星服务受扰有关的全部文件与通信，并在11月30日前书面确认保全措施已经落实。

两人在信中说，今年10月13日至24日，星链与星盾受到的限制扰乱了乌军使用的通信服务，包括乌军用于保卫平民聚居区、拦截俄军导弹与无人机的拦截无人机用链路；在此期间，俄罗斯对乌克兰发动了近4000次空袭，造成平民死伤。11月12日，泽连斯基总统与乌克兰军方报告称，星盾在整条前线及俄占区再度出现中断，妨碍乌方自卫并危及平民生命。

信中指出，关于谁下令、谁批准这些限制，各方说法互相冲突：马斯克曾表示星盾的限制是美国军方、归根结底是总统作出的决定；国防部长赫格塞思其后暗示SpaceX可以依据服务条款单方面实施限制；国务卿卢比奥则表示星链接入的决定同样在SpaceX一方。两人写道，10月与11月的限制「令人不安地显示，此类脆弱性甚至可能存在于美国政府所依赖的系统之中」，美国不能允许关键国家安全能力受制于不透明的决策或未经政府授权的单方面中断。

保全要求的范围包括今年9月1日以来形成的记录：涉乌星链与星盾的合同、任务订单与技术规格，涉及可用性、限速、地理围栏与暂停权限的条款；网络日志、配置变更与历次限制的提出、启用、修改与恢复记录及经办人身份；马斯克与SpaceX高管同总统、 白宫官员及国防部人员的通信；以及有关拦截任务失败、平民伤亡与美国人员风险的记录。范围涵盖个人设备与加密通信应用上的公司业务通信。两人还要求SpaceX在11月30日前回答：10月1日以来各项限制如何传达、批准与下达、由谁负责；SpaceX是否评估过限制对乌克兰防空、平民生命与美国人员的影响；哪些限制目前仍然有效，11月12日的新限制原因何在。

两人10月15日曾致函美国国防部督察长，指出10月中断期间，在基辅的美国外交、军事与安全人员在俄军空袭时难以抵达指定掩体，当时在乌克兰的国会工作人员亲身经历了限速的影响。据路透社报道，SpaceX否认本周对乌克兰的卫星接入实施了限制。本站此前报道，参议院外交关系委员会11月5日已就星盾在乌受限向马斯克发出记录保存函，并表示待新一届国会明年1月就任后展开调查；本次是沙欣与库恩斯在11月12日星盾再度中断后联名发出的新函。

关联：跟进：泽连斯基称「星盾」再遭系统性限速，拦截俄军喷气式无人机变难

关联：参议院外交关系委员会向马斯克发记录保存函：要求SpaceX保存「星盾」在乌受限记录、待明年1月调查

（来源：美国参议院外交关系委员会）

Senators Shaheen and Coons Tell Musk to Preserve All SpaceX Records on Ukraine's Starlink and Starshield Access, With Written Confirmation Due November 30

U.S. Senators Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH), Ranking Member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and Chris Coons (D-DE) sent a letter on November 13 to SpaceX Chief Executive Elon Musk, demanding that he and SpaceX preserve all documents and communications relating to the disruption of Ukraine's access to SpaceX's Starlink and Starshield satellite services, and provide written confirmation by November 30 that all appropriate preservation measures have been implemented.

Between October 13 and October 24, 2026, restrictions on Starlink and Starshield disrupted communications services used by Ukrainian forces, including the links for interceptor drones defending civilian population centers against Russian missiles and drones, the senators wrote; during that period Russia launched nearly 4,000 aerial attacks against Ukraine, killing and injuring civilians. On November 12, 2026, President Zelenskyy and the Ukrainian military reported renewed disruptions to Starshield across the entire front line and Russian-occupied parts of Ukraine, hindering Ukraine's ability to defend itself and putting civilian lives at risk.

The letter notes that statements about who ordered and approved the restrictions conflict: Musk has asserted that limitations on Starshield were decisions made by the U.S. military and ultimately the President; Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth subsequently suggested that SpaceX could impose restrictions unilaterally under its terms of service; and Secretary of State Marco Rubio stated that decisions regarding Starlink access likewise rested with SpaceX. "The October and November restrictions now raise the disturbing possibility that these vulnerabilities persist even within systems on which the U.S. government relies," the senators wrote, adding that the United States cannot permit critical national security capabilities to be subject to opaque decision-making or unilateral disruption without government authorization and accountability.

The preservation demand covers records created from September 1, 2026, including contracts, task orders and technical specifications governing Starlink and Starshield in Ukraine; network logs, configuration changes and records of when restrictions were proposed, activated, modified or removed and who authorized them; communications involving Musk, SpaceX executives, the President, White House officials and Defense Department personnel; and records on failed Ukrainian interception missions and risks to civilians and American personnel. It extends to company business conducted on personal devices and encrypted messaging apps. The senators also demanded answers by November 30: how each restriction since October 1 was communicated, approved and directed, and who was responsible; whether SpaceX assessed the consequences for Ukrainian air defenses, civilian lives or American personnel; and which restrictions remain in effect, including an explanation of the renewed restrictions reported on November 12.

In an October 15 letter to the Defense Department's Inspector General, the senators had noted that during the October disruption, American diplomatic, military and security personnel in Kyiv struggled to reach designated shelters during Russian air raids, and that congressional staff in Ukraine witnessed the throttling firsthand. Reuters reported that SpaceX has denied imposing restrictions on Ukraine's satellite access this week. The Senate Foreign Relations Committee had already sent Musk a record-preservation letter over the Starshield restrictions on November 5, saying it would pursue an inquiry when the new Congress takes office in January; this new letter from Shaheen and Coons follows the renewed Starshield disruption reported on November 12.

Related: Follow-up: Zelenskyy Says Starshield Throttled Again Across the Front, Making Interception of Russian Jet Drones Harder

Related: Senate Foreign Relations Committee Sends Musk a Record-Preservation Letter Over Starshield Restrictions in Ukraine

(Source: U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations)

来源：美国参议院外交关系委员会

发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）

图片来源：图：「星链」卫星在地球轨道上运行的渲染图（资料图）。 / Photo: Rendering of a Starlink satellite in orbit (file photo).

GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story

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