跟进：消息人士称限制乌克兰「星盾」服务的指令来自白宫内部 美高级官员称总统从未作此请求

据路透社报道，两名美国官员与一名了解情况的西方官员表示，限制乌克兰军方用于战场通信与无人机行动的SpaceX「星盾」（Starshield）卫星服务的指令，来自白宫内部。这些官员说，五角大楼领导层收到消息称，面向乌军的星盾服务「需要被放慢」。官员们以匿名方式受访，未说明白宫内由谁作出这一决定、又由谁负责执行。「星盾」是军用版的「星链」（Starlink）服务，五角大楼是其最大客户。

乌克兰官员本周表示，军用级星链接收器安装在快速移动的物体上时曾停止工作，干扰了乌军依赖该系统进行机载制导的无人机表现。乌克兰国防部一名人士10月15日表示，接收器目前在移动中已恢复工作，但速度上限约为每小时100英里（160公里）。乌方称，相关限制使针对被占领土上俄军与后勤目标的打击任务变得复杂，也拖慢了用于击落来袭俄罗斯「沙希德」无人机的拦截无人机。

就限制星盾服务的指令，美国一名高级官员回应路透社置评请求时表示：「总统从未作出此类请求。」白宫未回应是否可能有其他政府官员作出该请求的问题。SpaceX、五角大楼与乌克兰驻华盛顿使馆均未回应置评请求。SpaceX首席执行官马斯克10月14日在X上表示，星盾系统由美国政府拥有和控制，任何速度或使用上的限制都由美国军方或总统决定。

此举发生之际，特朗普总统正向基辅施压，要求其停止袭击俄罗斯炼油厂；特朗普将能源价格飙升归咎于这些袭击，并称其损害共和党在11月中期选举中的前景。路透社此前报道，10月9日在Miami举行的一场有美国、乌克兰、欧洲与世界银行代表参加的会议上，特朗普的女婿库什纳与总统中东特使威特科夫对乌方态度强硬，表示美方对基辅不顾华盛顿一再要求、继续袭击俄炼油厂感到不满。其后，乌克兰总统泽连斯基与特朗普相互批评；美方官员还曾在幕后威胁停止向基辅提供有关俄导弹发射的情报，特朗普10月13日表示华盛顿仍在与乌克兰共享情报。

本站10月14日曾报道，乌克兰总统顾问称SpaceX连夜对运行中的星链终端限速、乌军未获预警、多个任务中断，当时原因未明；本篇为该事件归因层面的新进展。

Follow-Up: Order to Limit Starshield for Ukraine Came From Inside the White House, Sources Say; Senior U.S. Official Says President Made No Such Request

The order to limit a satellite system used by Ukraine for battlefield communications and drone operations came from inside the White House, according to two U.S. officials and a Western official briefed on the matter, Reuters reported. The officials said leaders at the Defense Department received a message that the SpaceX Starshield service for the Ukrainian military needed to be slowed. The officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity, did not specify who in the White House made the decision or who was responsible for implementing the order. The Pentagon is the biggest customer of Starshield, the military-grade version of the Starlink service.

Ukrainian officials said this week that military-grade Starlink receptors stopped working in Ukraine when mounted on fast-moving objects, interfering with the performance of Ukrainian drones that rely on them for onboard guidance. A person in Ukraine's Defence Ministry said on Thursday that the receptors were now working when in motion, but only at speeds of up to 100 miles per hour (160 kph). Kyiv said the restrictions complicated strike missions against Russian forces and logistics in occupied territory and slowed interceptor drones used to shoot down incoming Russian Shahed drones.

In response to a request for comment about the order, a senior U.S. official said: "No such request was ever made by the president." The White House did not respond to questions about whether other administration officials might have made the request. SpaceX, the Department of Defense and the Ukrainian embassy in Washington did not respond to requests for comment. SpaceX CEO Elon Musk said on X on Wednesday that because Starshield systems are owned and controlled by the U.S. government, any limits on speed or usage are decided by the U.S. military or the president.

The move came as President Donald Trump has pressured Kyiv to stop its attacks on Russian refineries, which he has blamed for the soaring energy prices that are denting his Republican Party's prospects in the November midterm elections. At an October 9 meeting in Miami convened by representatives of both countries as well as Europe and the World Bank, Trump's son-in-law Jared Kushner and Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff struck a tough tone with Ukraine, according to a separate person familiar with the matter. In the days that followed, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy and Trump criticized each other, and American officials behind the scenes threatened to stop providing intelligence to Kyiv about Russian missile launches, Reuters previously reported; Trump said on Tuesday that Washington was still sharing intelligence with Ukraine.

GSM reported on October 14 that a Ukrainian presidential adviser said SpaceX had imposed speed limits on operating Starlink terminals overnight without warning to Ukrainian forces, disrupting multiple missions, with the reason then unclear; this report adds the attribution layer of that episode.

来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）

图片来源：图：乌克兰军人在前线架设星链终端（资料图）。Photo: Support Forces of Ukraine Command / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0)

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