参议院外交关系委员会向马斯克发记录保存函：要求SpaceX保存「星盾」在乌受限记录、待明年1月调查

华盛顿——美国参议院外交关系委员会向美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）证实，该委员会已向 Elon Musk 发出记录保存函，要求 SpaceX 保存与今年10月乌克兰军用卫星服务「星盾」（Starshield）受限有关的一切记录与通讯。同批函件还发给了与特朗普政府俄柴油交易有关的各港口、银行与私营公司，以及特朗普政府本身。

一名参议院民主党助理向 CNN 表示，这些材料可能被用于调查特朗普政府的相关决定。民主党人预计，调查将在新一届国会2027年1月就职后启动；届时民主党将同时控制参众两院，并握有传票权。

「星盾」是 SpaceX 为美国政府提供的军用级卫星通信服务。今年10月，乌克兰方面报告「星盾」终端在高速移动时受限、影响无人机作战，国会随即追问限制究竟由谁决定。10月15日，九名参议员（五名民主党人、四名共和党人，由 Jeanne Shaheen 与 Thom Tillis 领衔）致函国防部监察长，要求调查是否有美国官员指示、授权或事先知晓相关变更，并要求保存记录；监察长约两周后回函婉拒，称相关事项更适合由国防部处理。

10月19日，Chris Coons、Jeanne Shaheen、Richard Blumenthal 与 Sheldon Whitehouse 四名民主党参议员另行致函 SpaceX，要求说明谁授权了对乌限制，并于11月2日前提交记录与答复。SpaceX 此前致函国会表示，公司没有改动「星盾」、只调整了民用「星链」（Starlink）服务，并称已恢复至与美国政府优先事项一致；这一说法与乌克兰方面的技术记录存在出入。

记录保存函本身不提出任何指控，但它使收函方负有不得销毁相关记录的义务。本站此前已连续报道「星盾」限速风波与参议员致函防长等进展。

关联：跟进：马斯克承认SpaceX曾对乌克兰星链限速：称乌军违反服务条款用星链发动进攻性无人机打击，泽连斯基称乌方认为美国政府是幕后推手

关联：跟进：美参议员布鲁门塔尔就乌军失去「星盾」服务致函防长 要求说明是谁下令限速

Senate Foreign Relations Committee Tells Musk to Preserve SpaceX Starshield Records Ahead of January Probe

Washington — The U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee has confirmed to CNN that it has sent a record-preservation letter to Elon Musk, requiring SpaceX to preserve all records and communications relating to the October restrictions on Starshield, the military satellite service used by Ukraine. Matching letters also went to every port, bank and private company tied to the Trump administration's Russian diesel deal, and to the Trump administration itself.

A Senate Democratic aide told CNN the materials could be used to investigate decisions by the Trump administration. Democrats expect the investigations to begin in January 2027, when the new Congress is seated and Democrats will control both chambers, with subpoena power.

Starshield is SpaceX's military-grade satellite communications service provided to the U.S. government. In October, Ukraine reported that Starshield terminals were restricted at high speeds, affecting drone operations, and lawmakers pressed for answers on who had decided the limits. On October 15, nine senators — five Democrats and four Republicans, led by Jeanne Shaheen and Thom Tillis — wrote to the Pentagon's inspector general asking for an investigation into whether any U.S. official directed, authorized or had advance knowledge of the changes, and asking that records be preserved. The inspector general declined about two weeks later, saying the matters were best addressed by the Department of Defense.

On October 19, Democratic Senators Chris Coons, Jeanne Shaheen, Richard Blumenthal and Sheldon Whitehouse wrote separately to SpaceX, asking who authorized the restrictions on Ukraine and requesting records and answers by November 2. SpaceX has told Congress it made no changes to Starshield and adjusted only its civilian Starlink service, which it said was restored to align with U.S. government priorities — an account that differs from Ukraine's technical records.

A preservation letter makes no accusation by itself, but it obliges the recipient not to destroy the records it covers. GSM has followed the Starshield restrictions and earlier Senate letters in a continuing series.

Related: Follow-Up: Musk Admits SpaceX Throttled Ukraine's Starlink

Related: Follow-Up: Senator Blumenthal Writes to the Defense Secretary Over Starshield

来源：美国参议院外交关系委员会

发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）

图片来源：图：美国国会大厦（资料图）。照片：CC BY-SA 3.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The U.S. Capitol (file photo). CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

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