跟进：East Potomac 公园关闭案听证结束，联邦法官连番质询政府理由，预计近日裁决是否暂缓周日关闭

美国哥伦比亚特区联邦地区法院法官 Ana Reyes 11月13日周五就 East Potomac 公园关闭计划举行全日听证，政府拟于11月15日周日起关闭 Buckeye Drive 以南的整个公园，包括 East Potomac 高尔夫球场、Ohio Drive 与 Hains Point。法官未当庭裁决，表示将在近日就原告要求暂缓关闭的申请作出决定。

原告由华盛顿特区保护联盟（D.C. Preservation League）等一方组成，指关闭是政府推进球场改造计划的违法一步，要求法院至少暂时叫停。政府一方在法庭文件中称，关闭的理由是海堤多年失修构成安全隐患，且运营球场的 National Links Trust 租约结束后，11月15日起将无人运营球场。

据法庭报道，Reyes 在听证中连番质疑政府的理由：海堤的安全问题十多年前就已被发现，政府直到10月下旬才在法庭文件中提出，而不久前刚有约30,000名跑者沿园内道路跑完一场马拉松；对于运营方缺位，她说政府不是在应对没有运营方，而是自己制造了没有运营方的局面，并以「你们自己放火烧了房子」作比。司法部律师 Adam Gustafson 称政府行为应享有「常规性推定」时，法官回应说，他最好不要再提这一点。

听证中段，因政府称关闭将以无须通常公众通知与评论程序的直接最终规则发布，Reyes 一度中断听证，要求司法部在当日14时30分前带来一位懂法律的真人出庭说明，否则须向她报告做不到。

听证还涉及与本案相连的官员诚信调查。Reyes 此前已表示将任命曾在特朗普第一任期任联邦检察官的 Jessie Liu 为特别主事官，调查官员是否就特朗普的球场计划误导法庭；政府律师周五提交文件反对这项道德调查，Reyes 在听证结束时说，如果不是特别主事官，那就由她本人来查。她还就有关政府人员销毁与特朗普建设项目相关文件的举报者指控发出警告，称若发现文件被故意或鲁莽销毁，将启动制裁与藐视法庭程序。

本案此前已有进展：Reyes 上月曾裁定政府推进球场计划很可能违反环境法，并禁止政府在球场继续砍树。周日的关闭是否如期执行，取决于法官未来数日内的裁决。

关联：跟进：东波托马克高尔夫球场55页改造方案公开，海堤工程耗资3.045亿美元

（来源：美国哥伦比亚特区联邦地区法院）

Follow-up: Judge Grills Government Over East Potomac Park Closure Plan at Daylong Hearing, Ruling Expected Within Days

U.S. District Judge Ana Reyes held a daylong hearing on Friday, November 13, on the plan to close East Potomac Park, under which the government would close the entire park south of Buckeye Drive starting Sunday, November 15, including the East Potomac Golf Links, Ohio Drive and Hains Point in Washington, D.C. The judge did not rule from the bench and is expected to decide within days on the plaintiffs' request to temporarily halt the closure.

The plaintiffs, led by the D.C. Preservation League, argue the closure is an unlawful step toward the government's redesign of the golf course and are seeking an order blocking it at least temporarily. In court papers, the government has said the closure is necessary because of safety hazards along a seawall that has been deteriorating for years, and because there will be no one to operate the course starting November 15 after the administration ended its lease with the National Links Trust, the organization that had managed it.

According to courtroom reporting, Reyes repeatedly questioned those reasons. She pointed out that the seawall's safety concerns were first identified more than a decade ago and were not raised in court documents until late last month, and that some 30,000 people had just run a marathon along the park's path without problems. On the operator issue, she said the administration was not responding to a lack of an operator but had created one, comparing it to setting a house on fire and then claiming the insurance proceeds. When Justice Department attorney Adam Gustafson said the administration was entitled to a presumption of regularity, she told him he may want to move on from that point.

Mid-hearing, after Gustafson said the closure would be published as a direct final rule taking effect without the usual public notice and comment period, Reyes halted the proceedings and ordered the Justice Department to produce, by 2:30 p.m., a live human being who understands the law to argue the point, or to tell her it could not do so.

The hearing also touched on a related inquiry into officials' candor. Reyes has said she would appoint Jessie Liu, a former U.S. attorney who served in the first Trump administration, as a special master to investigate whether officials misled her about the president's plans for the course. Government lawyers argued in a filing on Friday that there was no reasonable basis for an ethics inquiry. Reyes closed the hearing by saying that if it is not a special master, it is going to be her. She also warned, in response to whistleblower allegations that officials were destroying documents related to the president's construction projects, that she would start sanctions and contempt proceedings if she learned documents had been intentionally or recklessly destroyed.

In earlier rulings in the same case, Reyes found last month that the administration likely violated environmental law in pursuing its plans for the course and barred further tree removal. Whether Sunday's closure goes ahead now depends on her ruling in the coming days.

(Source: U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia)

来源：美国哥伦比亚特区联邦地区法院

发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）

图片来源：图：骑行者在华盛顿 East Potomac 公园的 Ohio Drive 上骑行，该公园与球场同在周日关闭计划范围内。G. Edward Johnson 摄，CC BY 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Cyclists ride on Ohio Drive in East Potomac Park in Washington, D.C., within the area covered by the planned Sunday closure. By G. Edward Johnson, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

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