欧盟委员会向乌克兰拨付43.6亿欧元：37亿为宏观金融援助、6.58亿用于防务
欧盟委员会11月5日在布鲁塞尔宣布，已在「乌克兰支持贷款」（Ukraine Support Loan）框架下向乌克兰拨付43.6亿欧元，其中37亿欧元为2026年宏观金融援助的第二期款项，另有6.58亿欧元出自该贷款的防务部分，用于支持乌克兰的防务采购。
这笔宏观金融援助2026年总额为83.5亿欧元、分三期拨付，第一期32亿欧元已于今年6月25日拨付。本次拨付前，乌克兰已满足全部12项政策条件，包括通过对数字平台收入征税的立法、取消低价值包裹进口的增值税豁免、改善税收遵从，以及推进预算规划与公共投资管理改革、海关系统现代化与外部审计强化。
6.58亿欧元的防务部分款项是该贷款防务项下的第七次拨付，欧盟委员会称这部分资金将主要支持向乌克兰企业采购防空装备、无人机、导弹、雷达与电子战系统等。连同本次拨付，该贷款防务部分累计已拨付164亿欧元。
欧盟委员会主席 Ursula von der Leyen 表示，俄罗斯的攻击仍在持续，乌克兰即将进入第五个战时冬季，这笔43.6亿欧元的拨付将帮助乌克兰维持基本公共服务运转、满足紧迫的防务需求。欧盟经济委员 Valdis Dombrovskis 表示，这笔款项反映了乌克兰在落实与国际伙伴商定的改革条件方面取得的进展。乌克兰总理 Serhii Koretskyi 表示，资金将用于加强防务能力与维持国家财政稳定。
欧盟委员会同时公布，2026年内仍有252亿欧元对乌金融支持可供动用，其中乌克兰支持贷款项下约209亿欧元（含约119亿欧元防务工业能力支持与90亿欧元预算支持），另有约44亿欧元「乌克兰设施」（Ukraine Facility）预算支持。欧盟还公布了2027年450亿欧元支持贷款的拨付规划，同样与乌克兰的改革进展挂钩。
「乌克兰支持贷款」总额900亿欧元，由欧洲议会与欧盟理事会2026年2月通过的第2026/467号条例设立，覆盖2026至2027年，是欧盟在俄乌战争持续背景下维持乌克兰国家运转与防务能力的主要融资工具之一。
（来源：欧盟委员会）
European Commission Disburses €4.36 Billion to Ukraine: €3.7 Billion in Macro-Financial Assistance and €658 Million for Defence
The European Commission announced in Brussels on November 5 that it has disbursed €4.36 billion to Ukraine under the Ukraine Support Loan, comprising €3.7 billion as the second instalment of macro-financial assistance (MFA) agreed for 2026 and a further €658 million under the defence leg of the loan, to support Ukraine's defence procurement.
The MFA totals €8.35 billion for 2026 in three scheduled payments; the first instalment of €3.2 billion was disbursed on June 25. Before this payment, Ukraine met all 12 agreed policy conditions, including legislation on taxation of income generated via digital platforms, removal of the VAT exemption for low-value commercial imports in parcels, improved tax compliance, and reforms to budget planning and public investment management, customs modernisation and external audit.
The €658 million defence payment is the seventh under the loan's defence leg and, according to the Commission, will mainly support procurement of air defence equipment, drones, missiles, radars and electronic warfare systems, largely from Ukrainian companies. Total disbursements under the defence leg have now reached €16.4 billion.
Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said that as Russia's attacks continue and Ukraine enters its fifth wartime winter, the disbursement helps Ukraine keep essential public services running and meet urgent defence needs. Economy Commissioner Valdis Dombrovskis said the payment reflects Ukraine's progress in meeting the conditions agreed with international partners. Ukrainian Prime Minister Serhii Koretskyi said the funds would strengthen defence capabilities and maintain the financial stability of the state.
The Commission said a further €25.2 billion in EU financial support remains available to Ukraine for the rest of 2026, including around €20.9 billion under the Ukraine Support Loan (about €11.9 billion for defence industrial capacity and €9.0 billion in budget support) and almost €4.4 billion in budget support under the Ukraine Facility. The EU has also laid out plans for €45 billion of support-loan disbursements in 2027, likewise tied to reform progress.
The €90 billion Ukraine Support Loan was established by Regulation (EU) 2026/467, adopted by the European Parliament and the Council in February 2026, covering 2026 and 2027.
(Source: European Commission)
来源：欧盟委员会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：位于布鲁塞尔的欧盟委员会总部贝尔莱蒙大楼。照片 CC0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The Berlaymont building, headquarters of the European Commission in Brussels. CC0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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