跟进：东盟与中国未能谈成南海行为准则：草案约八成已暂定，菲律宾外长称尚未有结论
据路透社11月15日报道，菲律宾外交部长 Ma. Theresa Lazaro 周日在马尼拉举行的东盟峰会记者会上表示，东盟与中国未能在菲律宾担任主席国期间谈成拖延已久的南海行为准则，尽管草案约八成内容已达成暂时一致。
Lazaro 说：「目前还没有结论。」她表示，若干关键问题仍未解决，包括这份准则是否应具有法律约束力；东盟各国与中国对事情的看法也不相同。
这项谈判已持续二十多年。菲律宾作为本届主席国，此前承诺加快谈判、力争今年谈成准则。中国的海洋主张与文莱、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、菲律宾和越南的专属经济区重叠，各方认为一份能实际运作的准则对防止局势升级、管控海上事件至关重要。东盟的中国周边国家希望准则以国际法为基础；中国方面则表示，其在南海的行动合法、专业。2016年，一个国际仲裁庭裁定中国的大范围主张没有国际法依据，中国不接受这一裁决。
新加坡拉惹勒南国际研究院高级研究员 Collin Koh 表示，分歧不只在东盟与中国之间，东盟成员内部对准则地理范围等问题也有不同看法，这些内部分歧同样拖慢了谈判；他认为剩余分歧难以弥合，需要各方作出重大让步。
菲律宾与中国近年来在海上多次对峙。按轮值安排，新加坡明年接任东盟主席国后，将接手继续推动达成这份准则。
（来源：路透社）
Follow-Up: ASEAN and China Fail to Conclude South China Sea Code of Conduct, Philippine Minister Says
Reuters reported on November 15 that Philippine Foreign Minister Ma. Theresa Lazaro told a press conference at the ASEAN summit in Manila on Sunday that ASEAN and China were unable to conclude negotiations on a long-delayed South China Sea code of conduct under the Philippines' chairmanship, despite reaching provisional agreement on about 80 percent of the draft.
"There is no conclusion yet," Lazaro said, adding that several key issues remain unresolved, including whether the code would be legally binding, and that ASEAN countries and China hold different views.
Negotiations have dragged on for more than two decades, and the Philippines, as current chair, had committed to speeding up the talks and concluding the code this year. China's extensive maritime claims overlap with the exclusive economic zones of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam. China's Southeast Asian neighbours want the code grounded in international law; Beijing maintains its actions in the South China Sea have been lawful and professional. An international arbitration tribunal ruled in 2016 that China's sweeping claims have no basis under international law, a decision Beijing rejects.
Collin Koh, a senior fellow at Singapore's S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, said divisions among ASEAN members, including over the geographical scope of the code, had also slowed negotiations, and that the remaining differences would be difficult to resolve without major concessions.
Singapore will inherit the task of trying to secure agreement when it assumes the ASEAN chairmanship next year.
(Source: Reuters)
来源：路透社
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：从马尼拉湾望向都会区的马尼拉天际线（资料图）。照片：Patrickroque01 摄，CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons，本图已预裁为 16:9。 / Photo: The Metro Manila skyline seen from Manila Bay (file photo). Photo by Patrickroque01, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; pre-cropped to 16:9.
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
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