欧盟27国领导人在都柏林举行非正式会议：聚焦超级智能与乌克兰，欧洲由谁出面谈判未定

欧盟27国领导人11月13日在爱尔兰首都都柏林的都柏林会议中心举行非正式会议，超级智能（SI）与乌克兰问题是两大议题。这是欧洲理事会非正式会议首次把超级智能列入议程，会议不通过正式政治结论。前一天，约50位欧洲国家领导人刚在同一地点出席了欧洲政治共同体峰会；爱尔兰目前担任欧盟理事会轮值主席国。

超级智能议题分两段讨论：一段谈竞争力，法国 Mistral AI 创始人 Arthur Mensch 在会上发言；一段谈社会影响与风险，研究者 Geoffrey Hinton 受邀发言。法国总统马克龙在会上表示，欧洲的独立不能外包给别人，欧洲在超级智能领域参与全球竞争的条件一应俱全，「我们没有时间可以浪费」；欧洲的SI企业必须能在欧洲本地获得资本、算力与客户。他还宣布，12月2日将与荷兰首相一道在巴黎召集欧洲科技企业的负责人开会，推动欧洲技术自主。

乌克兰议题上，焦点是谁代表欧洲坐到谈判桌前。12日晚，美国特使威特科夫与库什纳在都柏林郊外的军用机场与乌克兰总统泽连斯基会面，库什纳表示「没有欧洲人上桌，这笔协议谈不成」，泽连斯基称下一轮谈判欧洲将直接参加，各方还在筹备俄乌开战以来最大规模的一次战俘交换。但欧洲内部对由谁出面没有谈拢：意大利总理梅洛尼主张推举一名有明确授权的单一代表，卢森堡首相弗里登认为欧洲理事会主席科斯塔是自然人选，欧盟外交与安全政策高级代表卡拉斯也已自荐。若13日定不下来，此事将推迟到11月26日至27日的特别欧洲理事会再议，届时对乌融资与欧盟预算也是核心议题。

关联：威特科夫11月12日称欧洲代表将参加下一轮乌克兰和谈：克里姆林宫会谈约两个半小时，泽连斯基在都柏林表示欢迎

关联：爱尔兰11月12日在都柏林主持欧洲政治共同体会议，警方启动该国史上最大规模安保行动

（来源：欧洲理事会）

EU Leaders Hold Informal Meeting in Dublin: Super Intelligence and Ukraine Top the Agenda, but Who Speaks for Europe Is Undecided

Leaders of the European Union's 27 member states held an informal meeting at the Convention Centre Dublin on November 13, with super intelligence (SI) and Ukraine as the two main topics. It was the first time SI had been placed on the agenda of an informal European Council meeting, a format that adopts no formal political conclusions. A day earlier, some 50 European leaders had attended the European Political Community summit at the same venue; Ireland currently holds the rotating presidency of the Council of the EU.

The SI discussion came in two parts: one on competitiveness, addressed by Arthur Mensch, founder of France's Mistral AI, and one on social impact and risks, with researcher Geoffrey Hinton among the speakers. French President Emmanuel Macron told the meeting that Europe's independence cannot be outsourced, that Europe has everything it needs to compete in SI, and that there is no time to waste; European SI companies, he said, must be able to raise capital, computing power and customers at home. He also announced that on December 2 he and the Dutch prime minister will convene the heads of European technology companies in Paris to push European technological autonomy.

On Ukraine, the focus was who should represent Europe at the negotiating table. On the evening of November 12, U.S. envoys Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner met Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy at a military aerodrome outside Dublin; Kushner said the deal could not be concluded without the Europeans at the table, and Zelenskyy said Europe would take part directly in the next round, with the sides also preparing the largest prisoner exchange since Russia's full-scale invasion began. But Europeans remained divided over who should speak for them: Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni has pressed for a single representative with a clear mandate, Luxembourg's Prime Minister Luc Frieden called European Council President António Costa the natural choice, and EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas has also put herself forward. If no decision is reached on Friday, the question will be pushed to a special European Council meeting on November 26-27, where financing for Ukraine and the EU budget are also set to be central topics.

(Source: European Council)

来源：欧洲理事会

发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）

图片来源：图：位于爱尔兰都柏林的都柏林会议中心，本届欧洲政治共同体峰会与欧盟非正式会议在此举行（资料图）。William Murphy 摄，CC BY 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The Convention Centre Dublin, venue of this week's European Political Community summit and informal EU meeting (file photo). By William Murphy, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

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