跟进：美国疾控中心确认2026年麻疹死亡升至6例，为2025年全年两倍

美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）麻疹病例与疫情数据页最新显示，2026年全美已确认6例麻疹相关死亡，较此前公布的4例增加2例，是2025年全年3例的两倍。据路透社11月12日报道，CDC 本周四在其网站上确认了这一数字，但没有公布新增死亡发生在哪些州。

CDC 在数据页上注明，死亡数字仍可能随着复核完成而更新。联邦层面的死亡统计依据国家卫生统计中心（NCHS）核实的死亡数据，CDC 正与州与领地流行病学家理事会（CSTE）制定统一的麻疹死亡病例定义，以统一各辖区的分类与报告口径。各州卫生部门此前合计报告的死亡数字高于联邦口径：宾夕法尼亚州报告6例，纽约州与威斯康星州各报告1例。

病例数方面，该页仍显示截至11月5日各辖区通报的确认病例为5,182例，其中5,164例由47个辖区报告、18例为到访美国的国际访客；2026年以来全美共报告43起新疫情，96%的确认病例与疫情相关。2025年全年确认病例为2,289例，今年的病例总数已是1991年以来最高。

美国曾在2000年宣布消除麻疹。CDC 数据显示，幼儿园儿童的麻疹、腮腺炎与风疹（MMR）疫苗覆盖率已从2019-2020学年的95.2%降至2025-2026学年的92.4%，约28万名幼儿园儿童在2025-2026学年处于风险之中；两剂 MMR 疫苗预防麻疹的有效率约为97%。

泛美卫生组织下辖委员会本周正在华盛顿开会，审查美国的麻疹消除地位，决定预计下周初公布。死亡数字上调正值这项审查进行期间。（来源：美国疾病控制与预防中心）

关联：美国麻疹消除地位面临审查：泛美卫生组织委员会在华盛顿开会、决定下周初公布

关联：跟进：全美麻疹病例升至5,182例：一周新增330例、死亡增至4例

Follow-up: CDC Confirms Six Measles Deaths in 2026, Double the 2025 Total

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) measles cases and outbreaks data page now shows six confirmed measles-related deaths in the United States in 2026, up from the four previously reported and double the three deaths recorded in all of 2025. Reuters reported on November 12 that the CDC confirmed the figure on its website on Thursday but did not disclose the states where the additional deaths occurred.

The CDC notes on the page that the death count is subject to change as reviews are completed. The federal tally relies on verified mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), and the CDC is working with the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) to develop a standardized case definition for deaths due to measles, to promote consistent classification and reporting across jurisdictions. State health departments have collectively reported a higher toll than the federal count: six deaths in Pennsylvania and one each in New York and Wisconsin.

For cases, the page still shows 5,182 confirmed measles cases reported as of November 5, of which 5,164 were reported by 47 jurisdictions and 18 were among international visitors to the United States. There have been 43 new outbreaks reported in 2026, and 96 percent of confirmed cases are outbreak-associated. The 2,289 cases reported in all of 2025 have already been more than doubled, and this year's total is the highest since 1991.

Measles was declared eliminated in the United States in 2000. CDC data show MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) vaccination coverage among kindergartners has fallen from 95.2 percent in the 2019-2020 school year to 92.4 percent in 2025-2026, leaving approximately 280,000 kindergartners at risk during the 2025-2026 school year. Two doses of the MMR vaccine are about 97 percent effective at preventing measles.

A committee of the Pan American Health Organization is meeting in Washington this week to review the United States' measles elimination status, with a decision expected early next week. The upward revision of the death toll comes while that review is under way. (Source: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

Related: U.S. measles elimination status under review as PAHO committee meets in Washington

Related: Follow-up: U.S. Measles Cases Rise to 5,182, Up 330 in a Week, With Four Deaths Reported

来源：美国疾病控制与预防中心

发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）

图片来源：图：美国疾控中心总部（亚特兰大，资料图）。James Gathany／美国疾控中心摄，公共领域。 / Photo: CDC headquarters in Atlanta (file photo). By James Gathany / CDC, public domain.

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