跟进：宾夕法尼亚州麻疹病例升至1,360例：三天新增22例、住院258人，州卫生部为6至11个月婴儿增设提前接种建议

Harrisburg——宾夕法尼亚州卫生部（Pennsylvania Department of Health，DOH）10月26日公布全州麻疹疫情最新数据：该州2026年以来已确认麻疹病例1,360例，分布在全州44个县；自10月23日上一次公布以来新增22例，麻疹相关住院人数升至258人，确认与麻疹相关的死亡仍为5例。

本站10月24日的跟进报道中，宾州病例为1,338例、住院255人。三天内病例增加22例、住院增加3人。在全部确诊病例中，已接种疫苗者只有4例，占不到1%。

州卫生部此次同步更新了麻疹数据看板，新增按年龄组划分的年初至今住院率数据与各县病例数区间地图。卫生部表示，每日数字会有所波动，持续追踪趋势可让宾州居民与医疗机构看清社区传播情况，并为疫情应对提供依据。

接种外展方面，卫生部表示，自4月下旬疫情暴发以来，州卫生中心工作人员已在受影响社区开设228场临时接种诊所，累计接种近6,700剂麻疹、腮腺炎与风疹联合疫苗（MMR）；临时诊所与州卫生中心合计，卫生部护士2026年已为全州居民接种逾10,300剂MMR疫苗，未来数周至数月还排有数十场接种诊所。全州医疗机构的接种需求同样激增：该州平常一个月约接种2.5万剂MMR疫苗，9月接种逾5.6万剂，10月前三周已接种逾3.9万剂。

卫生部还与美国疾病控制与预防中心（Centers for Disease Control and Prevention，CDC）协作应对疫情：两部门的麻疹应对团队每两周远程会商一次，共同审阅病例、疫情应对与面向公众的材料，需要时另行召开会议。

接种建议方面，卫生部重申，接种疫苗仍是预防麻疹最有效的办法，两剂MMR疫苗可提供97%的终身保护。因麻疹仍在传播，卫生部建议：居住在或前往看板标注为持续社区传播县的6至11个月婴儿，可额外提前接种一剂疫苗，该提前剂次不替代此后两剂常规接种；12个月及以上尚未接种的儿童应立即接种第一剂，并至少间隔28天接种第二剂；已完整接种两剂者无需再接种；只接种过一剂或找不到接种记录的成年人，应向医疗机构或药剂师咨询。

卫生部提醒，麻疹是高度传染性的呼吸道病毒，可引发肺炎、脑水肿等严重健康问题，州卫生部确认的病例中近20%需要住院治疗，每1,000名患者中约有1至3人死亡；感染者离开后，病毒在空气与物体表面仍可存活至多两小时。症状一般在暴露后7至21天出现，先是发烧、咳嗽、流鼻涕与结膜炎，数天后出现从头部向下蔓延的皮疹，患者在皮疹出现前4天至后4天具有传染性。怀疑自己暴露并出现症状的居民应先联系医疗机构，或拨打州卫生部免费热线877-PA-HEALTH（877-724-3258）。

Follow-Up: Pennsylvania Measles Cases Reach 1,360 Across 44 Counties, Hospitalizations Rise to 258

HARRISBURG — The Pennsylvania Department of Health (DOH) on Oct. 26 released its latest statewide measles update: 1,360 confirmed cases across 44 counties so far in 2026, up 22 since the Oct. 23 update, with measles-related hospitalizations rising to 258 and confirmed measles-associated deaths unchanged at five.

In GSM's Oct. 24 follow-up, Pennsylvania stood at 1,338 cases and 255 hospitalizations. Cases rose by 22 and hospitalizations by three in three days. Only four of the confirmed cases — less than 1 percent — were in vaccinated individuals.

The department also updated its measles dashboard, adding year-to-date hospitalization rates by age group and case-count ranges on its county map. While daily numbers fluctuate, the department said tracking the trends gives residents and health care providers visibility into community transmission and informs its response.

On outreach, the department said state health center staff have administered nearly 6,700 MMR vaccinations at 228 pop-up clinics in affected communities since the outbreak began in late April, and that across pop-up clinics and state health centers, DOH nurses have given more than 10,300 MMR doses in 2026, with dozens more clinics scheduled in the weeks and months ahead. Demand at health care providers statewide has also surged: providers typically administer about 25,000 MMR doses in a month, but gave more than 56,000 in September and more than 39,000 in the first three weeks of October.

The department continues to work with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), whose measles response team meets remotely with the department's team every other week to review cases, response efforts and public materials, with additional calls as needed.

Getting vaccinated remains the best protection, the department said: two doses of the MMR vaccine provide 97 percent lifetime protection. Because measles continues to spread, the department recommends an additional early dose for infants aged 6 through 11 months who live in or travel to counties flagged on the dashboard for sustained community transmission; the early dose does not replace the two routine doses. Children 12 months and older who have not received any dose should get one now and a second at least 28 days later. People with two documented doses need no additional dose, and adults with only one dose or no records should talk with a health care provider or pharmacist.

Measles is a highly contagious respiratory virus that can cause pneumonia and brain swelling; nearly 20 percent of people identified by the department with measles have been hospitalized, and death occurs in one to three patients per 1,000 cases. The virus remains infectious in the air and on surfaces for up to two hours after an infected person leaves. Symptoms begin 7 to 21 days after exposure with fever, cough, runny nose and red, watery eyes, followed days later by a rash that starts on the head and spreads downward; people are contagious four days before and four days after rash onset. Residents who believe they were exposed and have symptoms should contact a health care provider or call the department's toll-free hotline at 877-PA-HEALTH (877-724-3258).

来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）

图片来源：图：麻疹患者发病三天后的躯干皮疹（资料图）。图片来源：美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）／Heinz F. Eichenwald 博士，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。/ Photo: Measles rash on a patient's torso three days after infection (file photo). Source: CDC / Dr. Heinz F. Eichenwald, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

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