西班牙10月通胀初值4.9%与9月持平：核心通胀3.1%，燃油跌价抵进度假与燃气涨价
西班牙国家统计局（INE）10月30日发布10月消费者价格指数（CPI）初值：CPI同比上涨4.9%，与9月持平，通胀连续第二个月停在这一高位；剔除未加工食品与能源的核心通胀初值同比为3.1%，同样与9月持平。
按月看，10月CPI环比上涨0.6%。统计局指出，本月对同比涨幅形成下行拉动的，主要是私人车辆用燃油与润滑油——其价格跌幅大于2025年10月；食品与非酒精饮料、服装的价格也在涨，但涨幅小于去年同期。
形成上行拉动的则有三项：度假套餐价格在跌，但跌幅小于去年10月；燃气价格涨幅大于去年同期；液体燃料由去年同期的下跌转为上涨。三方拉扯之下，总体同比涨幅最终与9月持平。
按欧盟统一口径的调和消费者价格指数（HICP）初值同比为4.9%，较9月的5.0%回落0.1个百分点；HICP口径的核心通胀为3.1%，环比上涨0.5%。
本次公布的是初值（flash estimate），是对下月终值数据的提前预告；若初值得到确认，西班牙年通胀率将连续处于4.9%的高位。全部结果可在INE的INEBase数据库查询，官方发布全文见西班牙国家统计局10月CPI初值发布。
西班牙通胀停在高位的同时，欧元区其他主要经济体的物价走势并不一致：法国10月通胀初值升至3.4%，为2023年12月以来最高；欧元区9月失业率则持平于6.5%。
关联：法国10月通胀初值升至3.4%创近三年新高：能源价格同比涨24.1%
关联：欧元区9月失业率6.5%持平：失业人数1155.5万，青年失业率15.4%
Spain Flash Inflation Holds at 4.9% in October: Core Rate Steady at 3.1% as Cheaper Fuel Offsets Holidays and Gas
Spain's National Statistics Institute (INE) said on October 30 that its flash estimate put annual consumer price inflation at 4.9% in October 2026, unchanged from September, with the annual rate of core inflation also steady at 3.1%.
Consumer prices rose 0.6% from September. The INE said the main downward influence on the annual rate came from fuels and lubricants for private vehicles, whose prices fell more sharply than in October 2025; food and non-alcoholic beverages and clothing also rose, but less than a year earlier.
Pushing the other way, package holiday prices fell by less than in October last year, gas prices rose more than a year ago, and liquid fuel prices rose compared with the fall recorded in the same month of the previous year.
On the harmonised EU measure (HICP), the flash annual rate eased one tenth to 4.9%, from 5.0% in September; core inflation on the HICP basis stood at 3.1%, and the monthly HICP variation was 0.5%.
The figures are a flash estimate — an advance on the final data to be published next month. The full release is available from the INE flash estimate of the CPI, October 2026.
Spain's inflation holding at a high level contrasts with mixed readings elsewhere in the euro area: France's flash inflation rose to 3.4% in October, its highest since December 2023, while the euro area unemployment rate held at 6.5% in September.
Related: France Flash Inflation Rises to 3.4% in October, Highest Since December 2023
Related: Euro Area Unemployment Holds at 6.5% in September
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：El Rastro market, Madrid (CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons)
