美方推动经乌克兰恢复俄罗斯天然气输欧：售气收入拟存第三方托管账户
据《华尔街日报》11月2日报道，美国政府正推动恢复俄罗斯天然气经乌克兰管道输往欧洲，将其作为俄乌能源基础设施停火谈判一揽子安排的一部分。报道援引美国、欧洲与乌克兰官员称，总统特使 Steve Witkoff 与 Jared Kushner 今年9月先后访问莫斯科与基辅时，提出了这一设想。
按设想，一家美国中间商将购入俄罗斯天然气再转售欧洲客户；乌克兰可从中收取过境费；俄罗斯的售气收入则存入第三国司法辖区的托管账户，以防莫斯科把这笔钱直接用于战争。美方官员称，此举可给俄罗斯总统普京一个停打乌克兰能源设施的经济激励，也有助于压低欧洲入冬前的天然气价格。
阻力十分明显。欧盟已立法在2027年秋前全面停止进口俄罗斯管道天然气，多国政府对恢复俄气依赖持强烈怀疑。克里姆林宫发言人佩斯科夫11月2日表示，在当前战场条件下立即恢复经乌克兰输气并不现实，但若买卖双方达成协议，未来恢复出口并非全无可能。俄罗斯天然气经乌克兰过境已于2025年1月因过境合同到期而停止；乌克兰的管道网络保存完好，技术上可较快恢复运行，线路经斯洛伐克通往奥地利与德国。
这一提议被提出后一度被搁置：乌方曾在美方压力下暂停打击俄罗斯炼油厂，10月31日至11月1日又恢复袭击。俄美乌三方技术级谈判预计11月10日至11日在阿布扎比举行，能源停火是核心议题之一。
关联：乌克兰恢复打击俄罗斯炼油厂：三夜连袭三座、合计约占俄炼能一成
关联：美国将斡旋乌俄三方会谈：11月10日至11日在阿布扎比举行，维特科夫与库什纳任美方首席谈判代表
US Pushes to Resume Russian Gas Flows to Europe via Ukraine, With Proceeds Proposed for Third-Country Escrow
The Trump administration is pushing to resume Russian natural gas exports to Europe through pipelines crossing Ukraine, as part of negotiations for an energy-infrastructure ceasefire between Moscow and Kyiv, The Wall Street Journal reported on November 2, citing American, European and Ukrainian officials. Presidential envoys Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner raised the idea during visits to Moscow and Kyiv in September, the report said.
Under the proposal, an American intermediary would purchase Russian gas and resell it to European customers; Ukraine would collect transit fees; and Russia's sales proceeds would be placed in an escrow account in a third-country jurisdiction, to keep Moscow from using the money directly to finance the war. U.S. officials said the arrangement could give Russian President Vladimir Putin an economic incentive to stop attacking Ukraine's energy infrastructure and could help lower European gas prices ahead of winter.
The obstacles are substantial. The European Union has adopted legislation ending imports of Russian pipeline gas by the autumn of 2027, and many European governments are deeply skeptical of restoring energy ties with Russia. Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said on November 2 that immediately restarting gas shipments through Ukraine is not realistic under current battlefield conditions, though he left open the possibility of future exports if buyers and sellers reach an agreement. Russian gas transit through Ukraine stopped in January 2025 when the transit contract expired; Ukraine's pipeline network is intact and could reportedly resume operations relatively quickly, with connections through Slovakia toward Austria and Germany.
The idea was put on hold after Ukraine paused its strikes on Russian refineries under U.S. pressure; Kyiv resumed those strikes on October 31 and November 1. Trilateral technical talks among Russia, the United States and Ukraine are expected in Abu Dhabi on November 10-11, with an energy ceasefire among the core topics.
来源：华尔街日报
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：天然气压缩站（资料图）。照片 CC BY-SA 4.0，作者 Majskij，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: A natural gas compressor station (file photo). CC BY-SA 4.0, by Majskij, via Wikimedia Commons.
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