二十国集团外长会发布主席声明：能源要充足且人人负担得起，粮食供应链不得当胁迫工具

二十国集团（G20）外长会10月30日至31日在佐治亚州亚特兰大举行。美国国务院10月31日发布这次会议的主席声明，汇总各国外长两天会谈的共识：能源安全、供应链韧性与地缘政治紧张是三大议题。美国是本届G20主席国，这也是美国建国250周年之年。

声明说，美国任主席国期间致力于让G20回归本源，聚焦其讨论全球经济挑战、提出解决方案的核心使命，目标是改善各国公民的生活、提高生活水平、为所有人创造经济繁荣。各国外长就美国提出的优先议题进行了坦率讨论，具体涉及能源安全、供应链韧性，以及包括霍尔木兹海峡与曼德海峡局势在内的地缘政治紧张。

在能源安全方面，声明指出，每个国家都对能源价格敏感：汽油涨价、用天然气取暖或为数字生活供电的成本上升，人人都能感受到。没有能源就没有繁荣。声明强调，光有能源渠道还不够，能源必须充足、且人人负担得起，这样的条件才能促进生产力、壮大工业、改善能源安全并推动经济增长；各国还应建设基础设施，开发和部署未来的能源系统。

声明说，能源是经济进步的基础性需求，全球能源需求随经济增长持续上升，驱动因素包括人口增长、经济发展、工业化、电气化、制冷需求增加、汽车与卡车需求扩大，以及数字化和信息技术前所未有的兴起。以兼顾可负担性、可获得性与安全的方式满足需求，能增强经济竞争力与韧性。声明还提到，民用核能技术的新进展，包括小型模块化反应堆与微型反应堆，有助于满足不断增长的全球电力需求并增强能源安全；同时声明承认，对一些国家来说核能可能不是其能源组合中想要的选项，并强调每个国家都在走自己的能源道路，有权作出主权选择，不应受制于他国的决定。

在供应链韧性方面，声明指出，化肥等基础物资对粮食生产与粮食安全至关重要，原材料是基础制造业所需，关键矿产则对能源安全、先进制造与新兴技术至关重要。G20成员应从分享更多信息、提高透明度、调动投资做起，提升这些供应链的韧性；更新许可流程与监管也能进一步提高供应链效率。声明说，政府单靠自身无法解决这一问题，应致力于与私营部门密切合作，推进关键矿产的加工、精炼与回收；稳定、可预期的国内监管环境与持久的合同框架，是扩大能源与关键矿产供应链所需投资的基础。

在地缘政治紧张方面，声明指出，世界在2026年已经感受到重大全球能源中断的影响，确保安全、有韧性、不间断的能源流动，包括国际水道的安全航行与过境通行、关键基础设施的安全，对全球经济稳定与能源安全至关重要。声明还指出，把正常粮食供应链武器化正成为贸易体系中日益频繁的挑战，即一国政府采取针对性行动放慢、停止或阻断粮食贸易，就无关的地缘政治问题向另一主权国家施压；全球社会应达成共识，粮食与农产品贸易不应被用作经济或政治胁迫的工具。

声明还提到抗击埃博拉疫情的国际合作：今年9月美国任主席国期间在纽约举行的活动为抗击疫情筹得20亿美元，推动了对这一致命疾病的更有力应对，G20对当地社区与一线响应人员的努力表示赞赏。

外长们还向亚特兰大民众与佐治亚州的款待表示感谢，会议期间各国伙伴也体验了美国大学橄榄球传统，观看了佐治亚大学与佛罗里达大学这对宿敌之间的一场著名对抗。声明结尾表示，美国G20主席国感谢各成员对亚特兰大坦率、实质性讨论的贡献，期待在迈阿密举行领导人峰会，并展望英国2027年接任主席国。

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关联：鲁比奥在亚特兰大举行记者会为二十国集团外长会收官：国务院发布全程视频

来源：GSM·美国

G20 Foreign Ministers Issue Chair's Statement: Energy Must Be Abundant and Affordable, and Food Supply Chains Must Not Be Weaponized

The foreign ministers of the Group of 20 (G20) met in Atlanta, Georgia, on October 30-31, 2026. The U.S. Department of State released the meeting's Chair's Statement on October 31, summarizing the ministers' consensus across three themes: energy security, supply chain resilience and geopolitical tensions. The United States holds the G20 presidency this year, the 250th year of American independence.

According to the statement, the U.S. presidency has pursued taking the G20 back to basics, focusing on its core mission of discussing global economic challenges and proposing solutions that improve citizens' lives, raise their standards of living and create economic prosperity for everyone. The ministers held candid discussions on the U.S. priorities, specifically energy security, supply chain resilience, and geopolitical tensions including the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab al-Mandab.

On energy security, the statement said every country is sensitive to the price of energy: every increase in the price of gasoline, natural gas for heating a home, or electricity powering digital life is felt by everyone, and no country can have prosperity without energy. It is not enough to have access to energy, the statement said; energy must be abundant and affordable for everyone, conditions that promote productivity, strengthen industry, improve energy security and increase economic growth. Countries should also build the infrastructure to develop and deploy the energy systems of the future.

Energy is a foundational requirement for economic progress, the statement said, and global energy demand keeps increasing as economies grow, driven by population growth, economic development, industrialization, electrification, increasing cooling needs, expanding car and truck demand, and the unprecedented rise of digitalization and information technology. Meeting that demand in a manner that addresses affordability, accessibility and security strengthens economic competitiveness and resilience. Advancements in civil nuclear energy technology, including small modular and micro reactors, can contribute to meeting growing global electricity demand, the statement said, while recognizing that nuclear energy may not be a desired option for every country's energy mix and affirming that every country is entitled to make its own sovereign choices.

On supply chain resilience, the statement noted that basic materials like fertilizer are essential for food production and security, raw materials are necessary for basic manufacturing, and critical minerals are crucial for energy security, advanced manufacturing and emerging technologies. G20 members should improve the resilience of these supply chains beginning with sharing more information, improving transparency and mobilizing investment, and updating permitting processes and regulations can further expand supply chain efficiency. Governments alone cannot solve this problem, the statement said, and should commit to close partnerships with the private sector, including on processing, refining and recycling of critical minerals; stable and predictable domestic regulatory environments and durable contractual frameworks underpin the required investment.

On geopolitical tensions, the statement said the world has felt the effects of significant global energy disruptions in 2026, and that secure, resilient and uninterrupted energy flows, including safe navigation and transit passage through international waterways and the security of critical infrastructure, are essential to global economic stability and energy security. It also said the weaponization of normal food supply chains is an increasingly frequent challenge, in which a government slows, stops or blocks food trade to exert coercive pressure over another sovereign country on an unrelated geopolitical issue, and that the global community should agree that trade in food and agricultural products should not be used as a tool for economic or political coercion.

The statement also noted international cooperation against Ebola: the $2 billion raised at a September event in New York held during the U.S. presidency has catalyzed a more aggressive response, and the G20 commended the communities and frontline responders for their efforts.

The ministers expressed appreciation to the people of Atlanta and the State of Georgia for their hospitality, and the meeting gave G20 partners a chance to experience the American tradition of college football, including the storied rivalry between the University of Georgia and the University of Florida. The U.S. G20 presidency thanked members for their contributions to the candid, substantive deliberations in Atlanta, and said it looks forward to the Leaders' Summit in Miami and the presidency of the United Kingdom in 2027.

Related: Secretary Rubio Participates in G20 Foreign Ministers' Meeting Session I in Atlanta

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Related: Rubio Holds Press Availability in Atlanta to Close the G20 Foreign Ministers Meeting

Source: GSM, America

来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）

图片来源：图：2026年10月，鲁比奥在亚特兰大出席二十国集团外长会第三场会议（供应链议题与闭幕讲话）。美国国务院官方照片，公共领域，经Wikimedia Commons。 / U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio participates in Session III of the G20 Foreign Ministers' Meeting in Atlanta in October 2026. Official U.S. Department of State photo, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

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