跟进：CDC确认涉事生蚝已致病：沙门氏菌疫情升至13州28人

美国疾控中心（CDC）10月30日更新弗吉尼亚州生蚝沙门氏菌疫情调查：与Little Wicomico河采收区生蚝相关的Salmonella Telelkebir疫情病例升至13个州共28人，较10月19日首次通报时增加1人、1个州，新增州为Indiana州；5人住院，无人死亡。

这次更新的关键变化在定性。10月19日通报时，CDC的表述是涉事牡蛎「可能受到污染、可能正使人生病」；10月30日更新改为：流行病学、实验室与追溯数据表明，Little Wicomico Oyster Company在Little Wicomico河采收区采收的牡蛎「已使人在这起疫情中患病」。

病例发病日期为5月29日至10月6日。其中10月6日发病的一例，落在涉事公司9月18日至10月8日的召回采收时间窗之内。在已受访的14人中，11人（79%）称发病前一周吃过生蚝，远高于CDC食品网人群调查中健康人群1.6%的比例。

实验室证据也已闭环：弗吉尼亚州卫生部门10月13日从该公司位于河中的蚝笼取样，全基因组测序显示，部分样本检出的菌株与致病株一致；此前宾夕法尼亚州一份曾被标为阳性的牡蛎样本，经确认是另一型别的沙门氏菌，与本起疫情病例不匹配。

CDC表示，召回牡蛎应已过保质期、不再在市面流通，Little Wicomico河采收区目前暂停采收。该公司召回的是9月18日至10月8日采收的带壳牡蛎，曾分销至多个州的餐厅与零售渠道。CDC同时提醒，近期病例通常需三到四周才计入统计，实际患病人数可能高于报告数。弗吉尼亚州卫生部门此前统计的更宽口径病例（55人、19个州）仍在另行调查之中，与CDC本次确认的基因亚群口径不同。

关联：CDC与FDA调查生蚝沙门氏菌疫情：12个州27人感染 涉事Virginia公司召回9月18日至10月8日采收的牡蛎

Follow-Up: CDC Confirms Oysters Made People Sick as Salmonella Outbreak Reaches 28 Cases in 13 States

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) updated its investigation of the Virginia raw oyster Salmonella outbreak on October 30: cases of Salmonella Telelkebir linked to oysters from the Little Wicomico River harvest area rose to 28 people in 13 states, one more person and one more state — Indiana — than in the first notice on October 19. Five people have been hospitalized and no deaths have been reported.

The key change is the wording. On October 19, the CDC said the oysters may be contaminated and may be making people sick. The October 30 update states that epidemiologic, laboratory and traceback data show oysters harvested by the Little Wicomico Oyster Company from the Little Wicomico River harvest area made people sick in this outbreak.

Illnesses began between May 29 and October 6. The October 6 onset falls inside the company's recalled harvest window of September 18 to October 8. Of 14 people interviewed, 11 (79%) reported eating raw oysters in the week before they got sick, compared with 1.6% of healthy people in the CDC's FoodNet Population Survey.

The laboratory link has also closed: Virginia health officials collected oysters from the company's cages in the river on October 13, and whole genome sequencing showed some samples carry the same strain making people sick. A Pennsylvania oyster sample earlier flagged as positive turned out to be a different Salmonella type that does not match cases in this outbreak.

The CDC says recalled oysters should be past their shelf life and no longer on the market, and that oysters are not being harvested from the Little Wicomico River harvest area at this time. The recall covers shellstock oysters harvested September 18 through October 8, which were distributed to restaurants and retailers in multiple states. The CDC notes that recent illnesses usually take three to four weeks to be counted, so the true number of sick people is likely higher. A broader count previously reported by Virginia health officials (55 cases in 19 states) remains under separate investigation and uses a different case definition from the CDC's confirmed genetic subgroup.

Related: CDC and FDA Investigate Oyster Salmonella Outbreak: 27 Sick in 12 States, Virginia Company Recalls Oysters Harvested September 18 to October 8

来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）

图片来源：图：冰镇生蚝资料图。公共领域图片，经Wikimedia Commons。 / Raw oysters served on ice, file photo. Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

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