特朗普签署第14394号行政令，要求拆除平价住房建设的联邦监管壁垒
2026年3月13日，美国总统特朗普在华盛顿白宫签署第14394号行政令《拆除平价住房建设监管壁垒》。行政令称，多层不必要的监管壁垒、缓慢的许可流程与各级政府的繁重强制要求拖延了住房建设、推高了新房成本，本届政府的政策是减少建房的监管障碍、让住房更可负担。
行政令要求，陆军部（经民用工程助理部长）与环境保护署复审修订与雨水、湿地、湖泊河流等水体相关的要求，包括建筑工地雨水排放通用许可、《清洁水法》第404条疏浚与填埋许可的联邦标准等，以降低建设与持有成本；商务部、住房与城市发展部、交通部与联邦住房金融局应考虑取消过度繁重的规则、改革约束住宅开发的项目；农业部、住房与城市发展部、能源部与联邦住房金融局应改革并在适当时取消过度繁重或昂贵的能效、用水与替代能源要求。
许可方面，环境质量委员会主席应就《国家环境政策法》的实施提供指引，最大限度豁免或减轻住房建设及其配套基础设施的负担；历史保护咨询委员会主席应就《国家历史保护法》第106条为住房建设制定同类指引。
行政令还要求住房与城市发展部在60天内会同总统国内政策助理，制定并发布一套面向州与地方政府的监管最佳实践，包括给许可设时限与费用上限、独栋住宅按权利直接开发、限制新建筑规范溯及既往、重新审查基于建造方式而非客观标准对工厂化与模块化住房的限制等；财政部与住房与城市发展部还应评估把联邦项目与机会区税收激励对齐，以扩大独栋住房建设投资。
关联：特朗普签署第14376号行政令，限制大型机构投资者购买独栋住宅
Trump Signs Executive Order 14394 Ordering Federal Barriers to Affordable Home Construction Removed
On March 13, 2026, President Trump signed Executive Order 14394, 'Removing Regulatory Barriers to Affordable Home Construction,' at the White House in Washington. The order states that layers of unnecessary regulatory barriers, slow permitting processes and onerous mandates at all levels of government have delayed construction and driven up the cost of new housing, and that it is the policy of the administration to reduce regulatory barriers to building homes and promote housing affordability.
The order directs the Secretary of the Army, acting through the Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works, and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency to review and revise requirements related to stormwater, wetlands, lakes, rivers and other bodies of water, including the Construction General Permit for stormwater discharges and federal standards for permits under section 404 of the Clean Water Act, to reduce construction and ownership costs. The Secretaries of Commerce, Housing and Urban Development, and Transportation, and the Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency, are to consider eliminating unduly burdensome rules and reforming programs that constrain residential development, while the Secretaries of Agriculture, Housing and Urban Development, and Energy, and the FHFA Director, are to reform and, where appropriate, eliminate unduly burdensome or costly energy-efficiency, water-use or alternative-energy requirements for housing.
On permitting, the Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality is to provide guidance on implementing the National Environmental Policy Act that maximally exempts or reduces burdens on housing construction and supporting infrastructure, and the Chairman of the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation is to develop similar guidance under section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act.
The order also requires the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, in coordination with the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, to develop and promulgate within 60 days a series of regulatory best practices for state and local governments, including capping permitting timelines and fees, allowing by-right development for single-family homes, limiting retroactive application of new building codes, and re-examining restrictions on manufactured or modular housing based on construction method rather than objective standards. The Treasury and HUD Secretaries are also to evaluate aligning federal programs with Opportunity Zone tax incentives to expand investment in single-family home construction.
来源：白宫
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：GSM 行政令统一模板（美国总统行政令）
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