特朗普签署第14376号行政令，限制大型机构投资者购买独栋住宅
总统特朗普1月20日在华盛顿白宫签署第14376号行政令《阻止华尔街与普通购房者竞争》（Stopping Wall Street From Competing With Main Street Homebuyers）。行政令宣布，本届政府的政策是：大型机构投资者不应购买本可由家庭购买的独栋住宅，以保住面向美国家庭的独栋住宅供应，并增加实现住房自有的路径。
行政令要求财政部长在30天内与总统经济政策助理协商，界定「大型机构投资者」与「独栋住宅」的定义。农业部、住房与城市发展部、退伍军人事务部、总务管理局与联邦住房金融局须在60天内出台指引，在法律允许的最大范围内，防止各机构与政府支持企业为大型机构投资者收购本可由个人自住者购买的独栋住宅提供、批准、承保、担保、证券化或提供便利，也不得以把独栋住宅转给大型机构投资者的方式处置联邦资产，同时通过优先购买期与披露要求等安排，促进向个人自住购房者出售。为出租而统一规划建设的社区等情形可获范围窄的例外。
行政令还要求财政部审查涉及大型机构投资者收购或持有独栋住宅的规则与指引；司法部长与联邦贸易委员会主席须审查大型机构投资者在地方独栋住宅市场的大额收购是否具有反竞争效果，并优先就协同空置与定价策略执行反垄断法；住房与城市发展部须要求参加联邦住房援助计划的独栋出租房业主与管理方披露其直接或间接业主等信息。白宫方面还将准备立法建议，把上述政策写入法律。
Trump Signs Executive Order 14376 to Stop Large Institutional Investors From Buying Single-Family Homes
President Donald Trump on January 20 signed Executive Order 14376, Stopping Wall Street From Competing With Main Street Homebuyers, at the White House in Washington. The order states that it is the policy of his administration that large institutional investors should not buy single-family homes that could otherwise be purchased by families, in order to preserve the supply of single-family homes for American families and increase paths to homeownership.
The order directs the Secretary of the Treasury, within 30 days and in consultation with the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy, to develop definitions of large institutional investor and single-family home. Within 60 days, the Secretaries of Agriculture, Housing and Urban Development and Veterans Affairs, the Administrator of General Services and the Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency are to issue guidance to prevent agencies and government-sponsored enterprises, to the maximum extent permitted by law, from providing for, approving, insuring, guaranteeing, securitizing or facilitating the acquisition by a large institutional investor of a single-family home that could otherwise be purchased by an individual owner-occupant, and from disposing of federal assets in a way that transfers such a home to a large institutional investor, while promoting sales to individual owner-occupants through first-look policies and disclosure requirements. Narrowly tailored exceptions may be made, including for build-to-rent communities.
The order also directs the Treasury Department to review rules and guidance relating to large institutional investors acquiring or holding single-family homes; directs the Attorney General and the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission to review substantial acquisitions by large institutional investors in local single-family housing markets for anti-competitive effects and to prioritize antitrust enforcement against coordinated vacancy and pricing strategies; and directs the Department of Housing and Urban Development to require owners and managing agents of single-family rentals in federal housing assistance programs to disclose their direct or indirect owners. A legislative recommendation is to be prepared to write the policy into law.
来源：白宫
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：GSM 行政令统一模板（美国总统行政令）
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