特朗普签署拨款法案结束43天政府停摆，为美国历史上最长一次
2025年11月12日晚，美国总统特朗普在华盛顿签署H.R. 5371号法案。这部《2026年持续拨款、农业、立法部门、军事建设与退伍军人事务及延期法案》成为第119-37号公共法，自10月1日开始的联邦政府停摆在第43天宣告结束，是美国历史上最长的一次政府停摆。
法案此前在国会两院过关：参议院于11月10日以60票对40票通过，众议院于11月12日以222票对209票同意参议院的修正案，当晚送交总统签署。停摆期间，特朗普曾于10月15日签署备忘录，动用可用资金保障军人薪饷；FAA也从11月7日起削减全美40座繁忙机场的航班，以应对管制员无薪工作带来的人员短缺。
法案主体把多数联邦机构的拨款按2025财年水平延续到2026年1月30日。农业、立法部门、军事建设与退伍军人事务三个部分则获得到2026年9月30日为止的全财年拨款。其中，补充营养援助计划（SNAP，俗称食品券）获得约1,074.8亿美元的全年拨款。
法案规定，停摆期间被无薪休假和无薪工作的联邦雇员将获得补发工资；停摆期间实施的联邦裁员一律作废，2026年1月30日之前不得再进行裁员。《平价医疗法案》加强型保费税收抵免的延期没有写进这部法律，两党在这一问题上的分歧留待日后处理。
关联：停摆期间全美40座繁忙机场航班削减11月7日生效，从4%逐步升至10%
Trump Signs Funding Bill Ending 43-Day Government Shutdown, the Longest in U.S. History
On the evening of November 12, 2025, President Trump signed H.R. 5371 in Washington. The Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026 became Public Law 119-37, ending the federal government shutdown that had begun on October 1 on its 43rd day, the longest government shutdown in U.S. history.
The bill had cleared both chambers: the Senate passed it 60 to 40 on November 10, and the House agreed to the Senate amendment 222 to 209 on November 12 before it was sent to the President the same evening. During the shutdown, Trump had signed a memorandum on October 15 directing that available funds be used to pay service members, and the FAA had cut flights at 40 busy airports from November 7 as unpaid controllers strained staffing.
The act funds most federal agencies at fiscal 2025 levels through January 30, 2026. Three parts receive full-year funding through September 30, 2026: agriculture, the legislative branch, and military construction and veterans affairs. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) receives about $107.48 billion for the full year.
The act provides back pay for federal employees who were furloughed or worked without pay during the shutdown, nullifies reductions in force carried out during the shutdown, and bars further reductions in force through January 30, 2026. An extension of the Affordable Care Act's enhanced premium tax credits was not included in the law, leaving that dispute for later.
Related: Flight Cuts at 40 Busy U.S. Airports Take Effect November 7 During Shutdown, Rising From 4% to 10%
来源：美国国会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：美国国会大厦西立面全景（资料照片）。Noclip摄，公共领域，经Wikimedia Commons；联邦固定图库同源图。 / Photo: The U.S. Capitol, west front panorama (file photo). By Noclip, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons; federal fixed image library image.
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
- 2025-10-15 02:36联邦拨款中断第15天，特朗普签备忘录动用可用资金保障军饷发放
- 2025-11-07 09:41停摆期间全美40座繁忙机场航班削减11月7日生效，从4%逐步升至10%
- 2025-11-12 09:41特朗普签署拨款法案结束43天政府停摆，为美国历史上最长一次本篇
