联邦通信委员会废除电视台全国39%受众上限：《联邦公报》刊登新规，2027年1月11日生效
美国联邦通信委员会（Federal Communications Commission，FCC）废除全国电视台所有权上限的最终规则，11月12日刊登于《联邦公报》（文件编号2026-23040）。按这份文件，对《联邦法规》第73.3555(e)条的废除将于2027年1月11日生效。这是该上限20多年来第一次被改动，废除后，美国电视台集团跨市场扩张不再受全国受众比例的一刀切限制。
被废除的旧规禁止任何电视台牌照持有人持有合计覆盖超过全美电视家庭39%的电台权益（按UHF频道折扣口径计算，实际可达78%）。FCC在命令中写道：国会设定这一上限时，把调整的权力留在FCC手中；流媒体服务如今可触达全美80%以上的成年人，却不受任何受众比例上限约束，广播业的竞争格局已经根本改变。
新规之下，FCC改为逐案审查：跨市场交易要按地方性、竞争与观点多元三项标准衡量是否符合公共利益—可能损害公共利益的交易可以被否决，而过去被上限直接挡下的交易，如今也有了提出申请、逐案获批的通道。FCC称，这一框架涵盖现有本地所有权规则没有覆盖的跨市场维度。
这份命令编号为FCC 26-53，2026年8月6日经表决通过、10月1日发布：主席Brendan Carr与委员Olivia Trusty投赞成票，委员Anna M. Gomez投反对票，案卷编号为MB Docket No. 17-318。FCC在8月的官方说明中表示，此举意在让地方广播电台获得与流媒体巨头竞争所需的规模，把资源投向本地新闻与社区服务。
规则公布后，广播业一方的团体已经向FCC提交要求暂缓执行的文件，质疑其法定权限；FCC的决定明确回应该质疑，称国会从未收回委员会调整该上限的权力。后续诉讼与电视台并购动向，GSM将持续跟进。
FCC Repeal of the 39% National TV Ownership Cap Published in the Federal Register, Effective January 11, 2027
The Federal Communications Commission's final rule abolishing the national television station ownership cap was published in the Federal Register on November 12 (document 2026-23040). The repeal of 47 CFR 73.3555(e) takes effect on January 11, 2027 — the first change to the cap in more than two decades, ending the across-the-board limit on how much of the national audience a single TV station group may reach.
The old rule barred any television licensee from holding an interest in stations aggregating more than 39% of U.S. television households (up to 78% under the UHF discount). In its order, the FCC wrote that Congress left adjustment of the cap in the Commission's hands, and that streaming services now reach more than 80% of U.S. adults with no audience cap at all — a fundamentally changed competitive landscape for broadcasters.
Under the new framework, the FCC will review transactions case by case against three public-interest standards — localism, competition and viewpoint diversity. Deals that may harm the public interest can be denied, while transactions the cap would have blocked outright can now be proposed and approved individually. The FCC said the standard captures cross-market considerations that the existing local ownership rules do not.
The order, FCC 26-53 in MB Docket No. 17-318, was adopted on August 6, 2026 and released on October 1: Chairman Brendan Carr and Commissioner Olivia Trusty voted to approve, while Commissioner Anna M. Gomez dissented. The FCC said in August that the change is meant to give local broadcasters the scale to compete with streaming giants and invest in local news and community service.
Broadcast industry groups have since filed for a stay of the order, questioning the FCC's statutory authority; the order itself answers that Congress never withdrew the Commission's power to adjust the cap. GSM will follow the litigation and any station-group deals that follow.
来源：联邦通信委员会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：联邦通信委员会主席Brendan Carr官方肖像。美国联邦通信委员会供图（公共领域）。 / Official portrait of FCC Chairman Brendan Carr. Photo by the Federal Communications Commission (public domain).
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