联邦拨款中断第15天，特朗普签备忘录动用可用资金保障军饷发放
2025年10月15日，美国总统特朗普在华盛顿白宫签署第8号国家安全总统备忘录（NSPM-8），指示战争部长与管理和预算办公室主任协调，动用国会已拨付、2026财年内仍可动用的资金，保障现役军人和在相关发薪期服现役的预备役人员的军饷与津贴按时发放。联邦政府拨款中断当天进入第15天。
备忘录说，国会领袖已表示政治谈判陷入僵局，在现役军人原定10月15日领取下一笔工资之前，通过结束拨款中断所需的两党立法希望不大；军人可能领不到工资，对军队战备和国家防御能力构成严重且不可接受的威胁。
特朗普在备忘录中以宪法第二条三军统帅身份下令，所动用的资金应由战争部长认定为与军人薪酬津贴有合理、逻辑关联的资金，并符合包括《美国法典》第31编第1301(a)条在内的适用法律。备忘录还要求，拨款中断结束后，应依法尽力调整战争部的相关资金账户，确保部门运作与支出计划恢复到中断前的安排。
这份备忘录是联邦政府2025年停摆期间的总统文件之一，只处理军饷发放问题，不涉及恢复其他联邦机构拨款。（来源：白宫）
On Day 15 of the Appropriations Lapse, Trump Signs Memorandum Directing Available Funds Be Used for Military Pay
On October 15, 2025, at the White House in Washington, President Donald Trump signed National Security Presidential Memorandum 8 (NSPM-8), directing the Secretary of War, in coordination with the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, to use funds appropriated by Congress that remain available for expenditure in Fiscal Year 2026 to pay military pay and allowances on schedule for active duty personnel and for Reserve component personnel who performed active service during the relevant pay period. The lapse in annual appropriations entered its fifteenth day that day.
The memorandum says congressional leaders had indicated that political negotiations had stalemated and that passage of the bipartisan legislation needed to end the lapse was unlikely before active duty personnel were scheduled to receive their next paychecks on October 15, and that a missed paycheck would present a serious and unacceptable threat to military readiness and the ability of the Armed Forces to protect and defend the nation.
Signing as Commander in Chief under Article 2 of the Constitution, Trump directed that the funds used be those the Secretary of War determines are provided for purposes that have a reasonable, logical relationship to the pay and allowances of military personnel, consistent with applicable law, including 31 U.S.C. 1301(a). The memorandum also says that, at the conclusion of the lapse, every effort should be made, as authorized by law, to adjust applicable funding accounts within the Department of War to ensure operations continue consistent with planned expenditures before the lapse.
The memorandum was one of the presidential documents issued during the 2025 federal government shutdown; it addresses military pay only and does not restore appropriations for other federal agencies. (Source: The White House)
来源：白宫
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：五角大楼航拍（资料图，美国战争部总部，位于弗吉尼亚州 Arlington）。美国海军照片，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Aerial view of the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia (file photo), headquarters of the U.S. Department of War. U.S. Navy photo, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
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