特朗普签署《大而美法案》成法 参院51比50众院218比214通过
2025年7月4日，特朗普总统在白宫南草坪的仪式上签署国会通过的 H.R.1 法案，这部被称作《One Big Beautiful Bill Act》（《大而美法案》）的预算协调法案正式成为法律，编号为第119-21号公法。
法案在国会走完最后一程只用了四天。7月1日，参议院以51比50通过法案，副总统万斯投下打破平局的决定票；7月3日，众议院以218比214同意参议院版本，把法案送交总统；7月4日独立日当天，特朗普签署成法。在此之前，众议院曾于5月22日以215比214一票之差通过该法案的初版。
这部法案是按国会 FY2025 预算决议（H.Con.Res.14）第二编的指示、走预算协调程序通过的，篇幅数百页，条款数以百计。它的主体是税收与联邦支出安排，包括把2017年《减税与就业法案》中原定2025年底到期的多项减税条款永久化，并对小费与加班收入等增设新的抵扣安排，另有医疗补助、粮食援助、能源与边境等方面的条款，各项生效时间不一。
法案签署后，相关条款将由财政部、国税局与各联邦部门按各自时间表落实执行。
关联：众议院一票之差通过「大而美法案」：215票对214票送交参议院
（来源：美国国会）
Trump Signs the One Big Beautiful Bill into Law After Senate Passes It 51 to 50 and House 218 to 214
On July 4, 2025, President Donald Trump signed H.R.1 into law at a ceremony on the South Lawn of the White House. The budget reconciliation measure, popularly known as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, became Public Law 119-21.
The bill had completed its passage through Congress in four days. On July 1, the Senate passed it 51 to 50, with Vice President JD Vance casting the tie-breaking vote. On July 3, the House of Representatives agreed to the Senate version 218 to 214, sending the bill to the president, who signed it on Independence Day, July 4. The House had earlier passed its first version of the bill on May 22 by a single vote, 215 to 214.
The act was passed through the budget reconciliation process under the instructions in Title II of H.Con.Res.14, the fiscal year 2025 budget resolution. Running to hundreds of pages with hundreds of provisions, it centers on tax and federal spending policy: it makes permanent many of the tax provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 that were set to expire at the end of 2025, adds new deductions covering items such as tips and overtime pay, and carries provisions on Medicaid, food assistance, energy and border policy, with staggered effective dates.
Following the signing, the law's provisions are to be carried out by the Treasury Department, the Internal Revenue Service and other federal agencies on their respective schedules.
Related: House Passes the One Big Beautiful Bill Act by One Vote, 215 to 214, Sending It to the Senate
(Source: U.S. Congress)
来源：美国国会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：2025年7月4日，特朗普总统在白宫南草坪签署《One Big Beautiful Bill Act》后展示已签署的法案文本。白宫官方照片，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: President Donald Trump holds up the signed One Big Beautiful Bill Act on the South Lawn of the White House on July 4, 2025, after signing it into law. Official White House photo, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
- 2025-05-22 15:38众议院一票之差通过「大而美法案」：215票对214票送交参议院
- 2025-07-04 08:25特朗普签署《大而美法案》成法 参院51比50众院218比214通过本篇
