联邦法官裁定特朗普接管加州国民警卫队违法 命交还州长指挥

2025年6月12日，位于加州旧金山的联邦加州北区法院法官 Charles R. Breyer 在听证后签发临时限制令，裁定特朗普接管加州国民警卫队的行为违法，命令联邦政府把加州国民警卫队的指挥权立即交还加州州长 Gavin Newsom。受到这道命令约束的部队，正在加州洛杉矶县 Los Angeles 执勤；法官把命令的生效时间暂缓到6月13日中午。

Breyer 在裁决中写道，总统的行动「违法，既超越了其法定权力的范围，也违反了美国宪法第十修正案」，因此必须把加州国民警卫队的指挥权交还州长。按裁决的分析，加州很可能在主案中胜诉：《美国法典》第10编第12406条规定的联邦接管前提条件并不成立，这道接管令也没有按该法要求「经由州长」发出。

这起诉讼由总检察长 Rob Bonta 与 Newsom 于6月9日提起。到6月12日，联邦政府已先后把共4,000名加州国民警卫队士兵置于联邦指挥之下，另有700名海军陆战队员奉命前往 Los Angeles。Breyer 当天禁止联邦政府在 Los Angeles 部署被联邦接管的国民警卫队，但没有就加州提出的阻止海军陆战队部署的请求作出裁决。

Bonta 在裁决后说，有了这道命令，联邦政府被禁止使用被联邦接管的加州国民警卫队士兵在社区巡逻或从事民事执法工作。他说，和平抗议的权利是任何健康民主的基石，加州与地方执法部门随时准备保护社区及其安全、和平发声的权利。

联邦政府当即提出上诉。6月12日晚，联邦第九巡回上诉法院签发行政暂缓令，在作出进一步命令前暂停执行这道临时限制令，国民警卫队暂时继续由联邦指挥，上诉法院定于6月17日就暂缓申请举行听证。

关联：加州起诉特朗普与国防部长 挑战国民警卫队联邦接管令

关联：特朗普下令接管加州国民警卫队 向洛杉矶部署至少2000名军人

（来源：美国加州北区联邦地区法院）

Federal Judge Rules Trump Takeover of California Guard Illegal, Orders Control Returned to Governor

On June 12, 2025, Judge Charles R. Breyer of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California in San Francisco issued a temporary restraining order after a hearing, ruling that President Trump's takeover of the California National Guard was illegal and ordering the federal government to return control of the Guard to Governor Gavin Newsom forthwith. The troops covered by the order were serving in Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, California; the judge stayed his order until noon on June 13.

"His actions were illegal, both exceeding the scope of his statutory authority and violating the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution," Breyer wrote. "He must therefore return control of the California National Guard to the Governor of the State of California forthwith." The court concluded that California was likely to succeed on the merits: none of the predicates for federalization under 10 U.S.C. § 12406 existed, and the federalization order had not been issued "through the governor" of California, as the statute requires.

The lawsuit had been filed on June 9 by Attorney General Rob Bonta and Governor Newsom. By June 12, the federal government had placed a total of 4,000 California National Guard members under federal command, and 700 Marines had also been ordered to Los Angeles. Breyer's order barred the deployment of the federalized Guard in Los Angeles, but he declined to rule that day on California's request to block the Marine deployment.

"With this order, the Trump Administration is blocked from using federalized California National Guard troops to patrol our neighborhoods or carry out civilian law enforcement work," Bonta said after the ruling, adding that the right to peacefully protest is a cornerstone of any healthy democracy and that California and local law enforcement stand ready to protect communities and their right to be heard safely and peacefully.

The administration immediately appealed. On the evening of June 12, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit issued an administrative stay temporarily pausing the restraining order pending further order, leaving the Guard under federal command for the time being, and set a hearing on the stay motion for June 17.

Related: California Sues Trump and Hegseth Challenging National Guard Federalization Order

Related: Trump Orders Federal Takeover of California National Guard, Deploying at Least 2,000 Troops to Los Angeles (in Chinese)

(Source: U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California)

来源：美国加州北区联邦地区法院

发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）

图片来源：图：位于 San Francisco 的 Phillip Burton 联邦大楼与美国法院，法官 Charles Breyer 在此审理本案并签发临时限制令。CC BY-SA 3.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The Phillip Burton Federal Building and United States Courthouse in San Francisco, where Judge Charles Breyer heard the case and issued the temporary restraining order. CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story

本频道最新更多 ›

洛杉矶县寄养青年住房券计划：900名符合资格青年全部完成筛查、220人已转介住房机构2026-11-08加州州长纽森减免全部548名死囚死刑 11月8日地方检察官与警界公开反弹2026-11-08

← 返回加州　全部新闻　关于我们