加州起诉特朗普与国防部长 挑战国民警卫队联邦接管令

2025年6月9日，加州总检察长 Rob Bonta 与州长 Gavin Newsom 在联邦法院起诉总统特朗普与国防部长 Pete Hegseth，挑战联邦政府依据《美国法典》第10编第12406条把加州国民警卫队联邦接管60天的命令。诉讼向位于加州旧金山的联邦加州北区法院提起，案号 3:25-cv-04870，由法官 Charles Breyer 审理；这场接管的直接对象，是正在加州洛杉矶县 Los Angeles 执勤的国民警卫队。

总检察长办公室说，6月8日凌晨，国防部按总统指示把数百名国民警卫队士兵从 San Diego 调往 Los Angeles，未经州长授权，也违背地方执法部门的意愿，国防部计划从全州共调集2,000人。起诉书还指出，国防部6月9日又下令增派2,000名加州国民警卫队士兵进入联邦服役。

这起诉讼的背景是，6月6日与7日，移民与海关执法局在 Los Angeles 市中心多处展开移民执法行动，并引发抗议。6月7日晚，特朗普签署题为「国防部为保护国土安全部职能提供安全保障」的备忘录，授权国防部征召2,000名加州国民警卫队士兵进入联邦服役60天。加州方面说，这是自1965年以来，总统首次未经一州州长请求就动用该州国民警卫队；Newsom 已致信 Hegseth，要求撤销这次部署、把部队交还州长指挥。

加州请求法院裁定总统与国防部的联邦接管令违法并予以撤销，主张这一做法超越联邦政府在该法下的权力，并违反美国宪法第十修正案。加州提出，第12406条要求给州长同意联邦接管的机会，而 Newsom 事前没有得到这一机会；接管令还侵犯州长作为加州国民警卫队总司令的角色，并使加州失去保护自身与应对州内紧急状态所需的力量。

Bonta 说：「没有入侵。没有叛乱。总统试图在地面上为自己的政治目的制造混乱与危机。」他说，联邦接管加州国民警卫队是对总统法定权力的滥用。Newsom 说，特朗普不遵守美国宪法、超越自身权力，这是「一场人为制造的危机，目的是让他接管一州的民兵」，加州不会让它得逞。

关联：特朗普下令接管加州国民警卫队 向洛杉矶部署至少2000名军人

（来源：加州总检察长办公室）

California Sues Trump and Hegseth Challenging National Guard Federalization Order

On June 9, 2025, California Attorney General Rob Bonta and Governor Gavin Newsom sued President Donald Trump and Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth in federal court, challenging the federal government's orders federalizing the California National Guard for 60 days under 10 U.S.C. § 12406. The suit was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California in San Francisco, Case No. 3:25-cv-04870, before Judge Charles Breyer; the troops at issue were serving in Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, California.

The Attorney General's office said that in the early hours of June 8, the Department of Defense, at the President's direction, redirected hundreds of National Guard troops from San Diego to Los Angeles, without authorization from the Governor and against the wishes of local law enforcement, with a total of 2,000 troops to be drawn from across the state. The complaint also states that on June 9 the Defense Department ordered an additional 2,000 California National Guard members into federal service.

The suit followed immigration raids by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement at multiple locations in downtown Los Angeles on June 6 and 7, which were met with protests. On the evening of June 7, President Trump issued a memorandum titled "Department of Defense Security for the Protection of Department of Homeland Security Functions," authorizing the Defense Department to call up 2,000 California National Guard personnel into federal service for 60 days. California said it was the first time since 1965 that a president had activated a state's National Guard without a request from that state's governor; Newsom had written to Hegseth asking the Department to rescind the deployment and return the troops to his command.

California asked the court to hold the federalization orders unlawful and set them aside, arguing that the action exceeds the federal government's authority under the statute and violates the Tenth Amendment. The state argued that § 12406 requires that the Governor be given the opportunity to consent to federalization, which Newsom was not given before the deployment; that the order infringes on the Governor's role as Commander-in-Chief of the California National Guard; and that it deprives California of resources and critical responders in a state emergency.

"There is no invasion. There is no rebellion. The President is trying to manufacture chaos and crisis on the ground for his own political ends," Bonta said, calling the federalization an abuse of the President's authority under the law. Newsom said Trump was failing to adhere to the U.S. Constitution and overstepping his authority in "a manufactured crisis to allow him to take over a state militia," and that California would not let it stand.

Related: Trump Orders Federal Takeover of California National Guard, Deploying at Least 2,000 Troops to Los Angeles (in Chinese)

(Source: California Attorney General's Office)

来源：加州总检察长办公室

发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）

图片来源：图：2025年6月10日，被联邦接管的加州国民警卫队在 Los Angeles 与抗议者对峙（资料图）。美国北方司令部，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Federalized California National Guard troops face protesters in Los Angeles on June 10, 2025 (file photo). U.S. Northern Command, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

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