哈佛拒绝联邦改革要求后，联邦冻结其22亿美元拨款与6000万美元合同

位于马萨诸塞州米德尔塞克斯县剑桥市的哈佛大学在2025年4月14日公开拒绝联邦政府提出的一系列改革要求后，联邦打击反犹太主义联合特别工作组当晚宣布，冻结对哈佛大学22亿美元的多年期拨款和6000万美元的多年期合同。

特别工作组在声明中说：「哈佛今天的声明强化了我国最负盛名高校中普遍存在的令人不安的特权心态——即联邦投入并不附带维护民权法律的责任。」声明还说，近年来困扰校园的学习中断不可接受，对犹太学生的骚扰不可容忍，精英大学若想继续获得纳税人支持，就必须认真对待这一问题、承诺作出有意义的改变。

哈佛校长艾伦·加伯（Alan Garber）当日早些时候在题为《美国高等教育的承诺》的致校内成员信中宣布，学校已通过法律顾问告知政府，不会接受政府提出的协议。加伯写道：「任何政府——无论哪个政党执政——都不应支配私立大学可以教什么、可以录取和聘用谁、可以从事哪些学习与探究领域。」他说，大学不会交出其独立性，也不会放弃其宪法权利。

加伯在信中说，政府要求中虽有一些以打击反犹太主义为目标，但大多数是对哈佛校内「智识条件」的直接政府规制，包括要求审查学生、教职员工的观点，并削减因意识形态观点而被针对的某些学生、教师和管理人员的权力。他同时表示，哈佛并不轻视打击反犹太主义的道德责任，过去15个月已采取大量措施应对校园反犹太主义。

代表哈佛的外聘律师威廉·伯克（William Burck）和罗伯特·胡尔（Robert Hur）同日致函政府说：「哈佛或任何其他私立大学都不能任由自身被联邦政府接管。」哈佛据此拒绝接受政府的条件。数小时后，特别工作组宣布了上述冻结。

这场对峙在此前数周已经升级。3月31日，特别工作组宣布审查哈佛大学87亿美元的联邦拨款；4月3日，政府向哈佛提出首批要求；4月11日晚，政府发出更新并扩充的要求清单，内容涉及学校治理、招生与聘用的所谓择优改革、观点多元审查以及终止多元、公平与包容项目等，并警告哈佛若想维持与联邦政府的财务关系就必须遵守。

关联：联邦上诉法院审理哈佛经费案，特朗普政府要求恢复冻结20亿美元拨款（来源：美国教育部）

After Harvard Rejects Federal Demands, Government Freezes $2.2 Billion in Grants and $60 Million in Contracts

Harvard University, in Cambridge, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, publicly rejected a series of reform demands from the federal government on April 14, 2025. That evening, the federal Joint Task Force to Combat Anti-Semitism announced a freeze on $2.2 billion in multi-year grants and $60 million in multi-year contract value to Harvard.

In its statement, the task force said: "Harvard's statement today reinforces the troubling entitlement mindset that is endemic in our nation's most prestigious universities and colleges – that federal investment does not come with the responsibility to uphold civil rights laws." The statement added that the disruption of learning that has plagued campuses in recent years is unacceptable, that the harassment of Jewish students is intolerable, and that elite universities must take the problem seriously and commit to meaningful change if they wish to continue receiving taxpayer support.

Earlier that day, Harvard President Alan Garber announced in a message to members of the Harvard community, titled "The Promise of American Higher Education," that the university had informed the administration through its legal counsel that it would not accept the proposed agreement. Garber wrote: "No government — regardless of which party is in power — should dictate what private universities can teach, whom they can admit and hire, and which areas of study and inquiry they can pursue." He said the university would not surrender its independence or relinquish its constitutional rights.

Garber wrote that while some of the government's demands were aimed at combating antisemitism, the majority represented direct governmental regulation of the "intellectual conditions" at Harvard, including requirements to audit the viewpoints of students, faculty and staff and to reduce the power of certain students, faculty and administrators targeted because of their ideological views. He also said Harvard did not take lightly its moral duty to fight antisemitism and had taken substantial steps over the previous 15 months to address antisemitism on campus.

Harvard's outside counsel, William Burck and Robert Hur, wrote to the government the same day: "Neither Harvard nor any other private university can allow itself to be taken over by the federal government." Harvard accordingly declined the government's terms. Hours later, the task force announced the freeze.

The standoff had escalated over the preceding weeks. On March 31, the task force announced a review of $8.7 billion in federal grants to Harvard; on April 3, the government sent Harvard an initial list of demands; and late on April 11 it issued an updated and expanded list covering university governance, so-called merit-based reforms to admissions and hiring, viewpoint-diversity audits and the discontinuation of diversity, equity and inclusion programs, warning that Harvard must comply if it intended to maintain its financial relationship with the federal government.

Related: Appeals Court Weighs Trump's Bid to Revive Harvard Funding Freeze (Source: U.S. Department of Education)

来源：美国教育部

发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）

图片来源：图：位于马萨诸塞州剑桥市的哈佛园（哈佛大学校园，资料图，摄于3月31日）。图：Daderot，CC BY-SA 3.0，via Wikimedia Commons / Photo: Harvard Yard at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts (file photo, March 31). Photo: Daderot, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

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