日内瓦11月16日至20日审议自主武器规则：联合国人权高专呼吁缔结有法律约束力的条约
《特定常规武器公约》第七次审议大会将于2026年11月16日至20日在日内瓦万国宫举行，各国将审议致命性自主武器系统专家组提出的国际文书要素。专家组已于2026年9月4日通过最终报告；认可这些要素本身并不等于通过有法律约束力的条约，文书形式仍未确定。大会由瑞士大使Julien Thöni担任主席。
联合国人权事务高级专员Volker Turk在大会前呼吁各国紧急同意制定一项规范自主武器系统的有法律约束力的条约。他警告说，技术发展速度很快，规范这些日益强大系统的窗口正在关闭；涉及使用武力的决定必须以人的判断和责任为核心，机器永远不应拥有决定一个人是生是死的权力。
Turk呼吁禁止以人为目标的自主武器，并敦促各国抓住这次每五年举行一次的审议大会的时机，启动包含明确禁令和限制的法律文书谈判。他说，国际社会等得越久，建立有效保障就越困难，可能为时已晚。
Geneva Conference November 16-20 to Weigh Autonomous Weapons Rules as UN Rights Chief Urges Binding Treaty
The Seventh Review Conference of the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons will meet from 16 to 20 November 2026 at the Palais des Nations in Geneva, where states will consider elements for an international instrument on lethal autonomous weapons systems proposed by a group of governmental experts. The expert group adopted its final report on 4 September 2026; endorsing the elements would not itself create a legally binding treaty, and the form of the instrument remains undecided. The conference is held under the presidency of Swiss Ambassador Julien Thöni.
Ahead of the conference, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Turk called on states to urgently agree on the development of a legally binding treaty regulating autonomous weapons systems. He warned that given the rapid pace of technological development, the window to regulate these increasingly powerful systems is closing, and stressed that human judgment and responsibility must remain at the centre of decisions involving the use of force. A machine must never have the power to decide whether a human being survives or dies, he said.
Mr. Turk called for prohibitions on autonomous weapons that target people and urged states to seize this year's review conference, held every five years, to begin negotiations on a legally binding instrument containing clear prohibitions and restrictions. The longer the international community waits, he said, the more difficult it will become to establish meaningful safeguards, and it may be too late.
来源：联合国人权事务高级专员办事处
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图中是日内瓦万国宫，即本次审议大会的会场。来源：Vassil, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons。
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