挪威最高法院裁定三处北海油田批准无效 燃烧排放未纳入评估
挪威最高法院11月13日以大法庭形式作出判决，裁定政府对 Breidablikk、Tyrving 两处油田及 Yggdrasil 区域开发与运营计划的批准无效，理由是批准所依据的影响评估没有涵盖油气被燃烧时产生的排放。判决编号为 HR-2026-2428-S。
法庭一致认定，开采油气所产生的燃烧排放必须在开发计划获批前纳入影响评估。以六票对五票，法庭进一步要求，一个项目的燃烧排放须与挪威大陆架上其他现有及已批准项目的排放合并评估。案件由绿色和平北欧分部与青年环保组织 Natur og Ungdom 提起，被告为代表能源部的国家。
法院同时说明，持有许可证的油企并非本案当事人，批准被裁定无效并不意味着许可证对持证企业自动失效。Breidablikk 与 Tyrving 已在投产，Yggdrasil 预计2027年投产。国家被判支付超过500万挪威克朗的诉讼费用，能源部须重新审查三处批准。
Norway Supreme Court declares three North Sea oilfield approvals invalid over unassessed combustion emissions
Norway's Supreme Court, sitting in grand chamber, ruled on November 13 that the government's approvals of the plans for development and operation for the Breidablikk and Tyrving fields and the Yggdrasil area were invalid, because the impact assessments behind them never covered the emissions from burning the oil and gas the fields will produce. The judgment is numbered HR-2026-2428-S.
The court held unanimously that combustion emissions from extracted oil and gas must be assessed before a development plan can be approved. By six votes to five, it further required a project's combustion emissions to be assessed together with those of other existing and approved projects on the Norwegian continental shelf. The case was brought by Greenpeace Nordic and Nature and Youth against the state, represented by the Ministry of Energy.
The court also clarified that the licence holders were not parties to the case, so the approvals being declared invalid does not mean the permits automatically fall away for the companies. Breidablikk and Tyrving are already producing, while Yggdrasil is expected to start production in 2027. The state was ordered to pay more than NOK 5 million in legal costs, and the Ministry of Energy must now reconsider the three approvals.
来源：挪威最高法院
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：位于奥斯陆 Akersgata 的挪威最高法院大楼。来源：Alicia Fagerving，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA 3.0。 / Photo: The Supreme Court of Norway building on Akersgata in Oslo. Source: Alicia Fagerving, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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