欧盟证实日本已申请参与1500亿欧元防务贷款计划：申请将进入安全政策评估
欧盟委员会已证实，日本申请参与欧盟「欧洲安全行动」（SAFE）联合防务融资计划。委员会发言人 Thomas Regnier 说，日本的申请将进入欧盟的安全政策评估程序：「与韩国和土耳其一样，我们将把审查这一申请作为下一步。」他同时指出，申请贷款的19个成员国提交的国家防务计划正在评估之中，需求「压倒性地高」。
SAFE 是上限1500亿欧元的防务贷款工具，2025年5月生效，贷款本身只发放给欧盟成员国：19个成员国的贷款协议已全部获批，其中16国已签约，11国已收到近135亿欧元预付资金；波兰获得的份额最大，为437亿欧元。未用完的213亿欧元额度已于10月29日开放第二轮申请，但仍只面向成员国。
第三国不能直接从 SAFE 借款，须与欧盟另行谈判达成协议，才能参加成员国之间的联合采购，且防务产品价值至少65%须源自欧洲、第三国所占份额至多35%。日本与欧盟签有安全与防务伙伴关系，具备谈判资格；其申请目前卡在评估与谈判环节，年内难有定论。韩国与土耳其的参与申请同样处于待定状态，加拿大已于此前完成谈判加入，英国的谈判则无果而终。
（来源：欧盟委员会）
EU Confirms Japan Has Applied to Join the €150 Billion SAFE Defence Loan Programme: Bid Moves to Security Policy Assessment
The European Commission has confirmed that Japan has applied to participate in the European Union's Security Action for Europe (SAFE) joint defence financing programme. Commission spokesperson Thomas Regnier said Japan's request would now move into the EU's security policy assessment process: 'As with South Korea and Turkey, we will examine this request as the next step.' He noted that the national defence plans submitted by the 19 member states seeking SAFE funding are currently under evaluation amid what he described as 'overwhelming demand.'
SAFE is a defence loan instrument capped at €150 billion that entered into force in May 2025; the loans themselves go only to EU member states. Loan agreements for all 19 participating member states have been approved, 16 have been signed, and 11 states have received almost €13.5 billion in pre-financing; Poland holds the largest share, at €43.7 billion. The €21.3 billion left uncommitted was opened to a second round of applications on October 29, again for member states only.
Third countries cannot borrow from SAFE directly. They must negotiate a separate agreement with the EU to take part in joint procurements among member states, with at least 65 percent of a defence product's value sourced from within Europe and the third-country share capped at 35 percent. Japan, which has a security and defence partnership with the EU, is eligible to negotiate; its bid now sits in the assessment and negotiation stage, with no conclusion expected this year. South Korea's and Turkey's bids are likewise pending; Canada completed negotiations and joined earlier, while talks with the United Kingdom ended without agreement.
(Source: European Commission)
来源：欧盟委员会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：位于布鲁塞尔的欧盟委员会总部贝尔莱蒙大楼资料图。照片：KenSwe72 摄，CC BY 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: File photo of the Berlaymont building, headquarters of the European Commission in Brussels. Photo by KenSwe72, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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