历史上的今天：11月13日，1940年《幻想曲》首映、1982年越战纪念墙落成、1985年鲁伊斯火山喷发
1940年11月13日，华特迪士尼动画长片《幻想曲》（Fantasia）在纽约 Broadway Theatre 首映。它把古典音乐与动画结合，并以名为 Fantasound 的系统首次在商业放映中引入立体声，《小巫师学徒》一段的米奇形象由此成为经典。
1982年11月13日，华盛顿的越战纪念墙（Vietnam Veterans Memorial）落成揭幕，黑色花岗岩墙上刻着五万多名在越南战争中阵亡或失踪的美国军人姓名，设计者是当时21岁的耶鲁大学建筑系学生林璎（Maya Lin）。同日在拉斯维加斯，拳手 Ray Mancini 击败韩国拳手金得九，金得九数日后伤重去世，此事推动了拳击规则的重大改革。
1985年11月13日，哥伦比亚 Nevado del Ruiz 火山喷发，火山泥流掩埋 Armero 镇，约23,000人丧生，是20世纪最致命的火山灾害之一。此外，1942年的这一天，美国把最低征兵年龄从21岁降至18岁。
（来源：史料汇编）
On This Day, November 13: Fantasia Premieres in 1940, Vietnam Veterans Memorial Dedicated in 1982, Nevado del Ruiz Erupts in 1985
On November 13, 1940, Walt Disney's animated feature Fantasia premiered at the Broadway Theatre in New York City. Pairing classical music with animation, it was the first commercial film shown with stereophonic sound, through a system called Fantasound, and its Sorcerer's Apprentice segment made Mickey Mouse an icon.
On November 13, 1982, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial was dedicated in Washington, D.C. Its black granite walls carry the names of more than 57,000 American service members who died or went missing in the Vietnam War; it was designed by Maya Lin, then a 21-year-old Yale architecture student. The same day in Las Vegas, boxer Ray Mancini defeated South Korea's Kim Duk-koo, who died of his injuries days later, leading to major rule changes in boxing.
On November 13, 1985, Colombia's Nevado del Ruiz volcano erupted, and volcanic mudflows buried the town of Armero, killing approximately 23,000 people, one of the deadliest volcanic disasters of the 20th century. Also on this date in 1942, the United States lowered its minimum draft age from 21 to 18.
(Source: Historical records)
来源：史料汇编
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：华盛顿特区市政厅约翰·威尔逊大楼（资料图），Carol M. Highsmith 摄，美国国会图书馆藏，公共领域 / John A. Wilson Building, Washington, D.C. (file photo), Carol M. Highsmith, Library of Congress, public domain
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