跟进：加州公共卫生厅警告北海岸整段海域珍宝蟹勿食：软骨藻酸超标，烹煮也无法去毒
加州洪堡县 — 加州公共卫生厅（CDPH）11 月 9 日发布食品安全警告（编号 SN26-024）：在北加州海岸 Reading Rock 州海洋保护区以南至 Ten-Mile 州海洋保护区一段海域内休闲捕捞的整只珍宝蟹，蟹肉与内脏均检出危险水平的软骨藻酸，呼吁消费者不要食用这段海域捕捞的整只珍宝蟹；烹煮无法降低或破坏这种毒素。
这份警告更新了公共卫生厅 10 月 30 日发布的上一份警告：上一份的勿食范围是 Cape Mendocino 以南至 Ten-Mile 一段，本次把范围向北扩大到 Reading Rock，Reading Rock 至 Ten-Mile 整段海域的整只自捕珍宝蟹都在勿食之列。加州鱼类和野生动物部此前已推迟这段海域的休闲捕捞开放（GSM 11 月 5 日已报道），加州珍宝蟹休闲渔季已于 11 月 7 日开启。
对所有其他开放海域捕捞的珍宝蟹，公共卫生厅强烈建议：丢弃内脏，烹煮前冲洗蟹体腔，并倒掉烹煮的汤水，不要用汤汁做酱汁、汤品或炖菜，因为毒素可能在烹煮过程中溶入水中。
软骨藻酸是一种天然产生的生物毒素，食用受污染的螃蟹可能引发失忆性贝类中毒。症状可在食用后 30 分钟至 24 小时内出现：轻症包括呕吐、腹泻、腹痛、头痛和头晕，通常几天内消退；重症可出现呼吸困难、意识混乱、定向障碍、心血管不稳定、癫痫发作、支气管分泌物过多和短期记忆永久丧失，严重时可昏迷甚至死亡。这份警告未提及已有中毒病例。
公共卫生厅表示，正与加州鱼类和野生动物部、加州环境健康危害评估办公室及渔业界协调，持续检测蟹体内的毒素水平，直至毒素消散，最新检测结果公布在其软骨藻酸专题页面。贝类安全信息热线：（800）553-4133。
关联：加州珍宝蟹休闲渔季禁捕海域扩大：毒素超标，北部一段海域推迟开放
资料引用：加州公共卫生厅
Follow-up: CDPH Warns Against Eating Whole Dungeness Crab from Northern California Coast Stretch over Domoic Acid
HUMBOLDT COUNTY, Calif. — The California Department of Public Health (CDPH) issued a health advisory (SN26-024) on November 9 warning consumers not to eat sport-harvested whole Dungeness crab caught in state waters between the Reading Rock State Marine Reserve and the Ten-Mile State Marine Reserve on the Northern California coast, after dangerous levels of domoic acid were detected in the crab's meat and viscera; cooking does not decrease or destroy the toxin.
The advisory updates the department's October 30 warning, which covered the area south of Cape Mendocino down to the Ten-Mile State Marine Reserve; the do-not-eat area now extends north to Reading Rock, covering the whole stretch from Reading Rock to Ten-Mile. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife had already delayed the recreational fishery opening in this stretch (reported by GSM on November 5), and California's recreational Dungeness crab season began on November 7.
For Dungeness crab taken from all other open areas, CDPH strongly recommends discarding the viscera, rinsing the crab's body cavity before cooking, and discarding the cooking water or broth, which should not be used for sauces, soups, stews or stocks, because the toxin may leach into the water during cooking.
Domoic acid is a naturally occurring biotoxin, and eating contaminated crab can cause amnesic shellfish poisoning. Symptoms can occur within 30 minutes to 24 hours of eating: milder cases include vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, headache and dizziness and resolve within several days; severe cases can involve trouble breathing, confusion, disorientation, cardiovascular instability, seizures, excessive bronchial secretions and permanent loss of short-term memory, and can progress to coma or death. The advisory does not mention any illnesses reported so far.
CDPH said it is coordinating with the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and the fishing community to continue testing crab until domoic acid levels dissipate, with test results posted on its domoic acid webpage. The Shellfish Information Line is (800) 553-4133.
Related: California Expands Delayed Dungeness Crab Waters: Toxin Over Limit, Northern Stretch Opens Late
Reference: California Department of Public Health
来源：加州公共卫生厅
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：珍宝蟹（资料图）（Cliff 摄，CC BY 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons）。 / Photo: A Dungeness crab (file photo) (Cliff, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons).
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
- 2026-11-05 19:13加州珍宝蟹休闲渔季禁捕海域扩大：毒素超标，北部一段海域推迟开放
- 2026-11-09 19:50跟进：加州公共卫生厅警告北海岸整段海域珍宝蟹勿食：软骨藻酸超标，烹煮也无法去毒本篇
