加州珍宝蟹休闲渔季禁捕海域扩大：毒素超标，北部一段海域推迟开放
加利福尼亚州鱼类和野生动物部（CDFW）11月5日宣布，位于加州洪堡县（Humboldt County）外海、从 Reading Rock 州立海洋保护区南界（北纬41°17.6′）到 Cape Mendocino（北纬40°10′）一段海域出产的珍宝蟹，因软骨藻酸含量过高、对人体健康构成风险，休闲珍宝蟹渔季在这一海域推迟开放。州卫生机构作出上述风险判定并提出延期建议后，CDFW 部长 Meghan Hertel 随即下令延期。
加上10月30日已经宣布延期的海域，目前休闲珍宝蟹渔季整体推迟开放的水域，南起 Ten Mile 州立海洋保护区南界（北纬39°33.3′）、北至 Reading Rock 州立海洋保护区南界（北纬41°17.6′）。在这些关闭水域内，捕捞或持有珍宝蟹一律禁止。
此次扩大延期是10月30日决定的延续。据 CDFW 10月30日发布，加州休闲珍宝蟹渔季将于11月7日在州内大部分海域开放，但从加州与俄勒冈州边界到 Point Conception 一带，休闲捕捞不得使用蟹笼，限制至少持续到2027年1月1日，原因是今年已确认多起座头鲸被渔具缠绕事件、且渔场鲸鱼数量偏高；同一海域的商业珍宝蟹渔季也推迟到至少2027年1月1日之后。蟹笼限制不影响环网与蟹圈的使用，但环网必须每两小时收起查看一次、不得无人看管超过该时限。CDFW 预计12月中旬进行下一次风险评估，再决定商业渔季开放与休闲蟹笼限制解除的时间。
本次新增的关闭将持续有效，直到州环境健康危害评估办公室与加州公共卫生厅（CDPH）州公共卫生官员共同确认，软骨藻酸不再构成重大公共健康风险为止。
软骨藻酸是一种强效神经毒素，由海洋单细胞藻类拟菱形藻（Pseudo-nitzschia）在特定海况下产生，可在贝类、其他无脊椎动物乃至鱼类体内富集，而这些生物本身并不发病。人摄入低剂量时可出现恶心、腹泻和头晕；剂量较高时可造成持续性短期记忆丧失、癫痫发作，严重时可致命。
查询最新渔业关闭与健康提示，可拨打 CDFW 软骨藻酸渔业信息热线 (831) 649-2883；查询最新食用警告，可拨打加州公共卫生厅生物毒素信息热线 (510) 412-4643 或免费电话 (800) 553-4133。（来源：加利福尼亚州鱼类和野生动物部）
California Expands Dungeness Crab Recreational Delay: Toxin Risk Closes More Northern Waters
The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) announced on November 5 that the recreational Dungeness crab fishery will be delayed in waters off Humboldt County, California, from the southern boundary of the Reading Rock State Marine Protected Areas (41° 17.6' N. latitude) to Cape Mendocino (40° 10' N. latitude), after state health agencies determined that Dungeness crab from that area pose a human health risk due to elevated levels of domoic acid and recommended a delay. Following the recommendation, CDFW Director Meghan Hertel delayed the recreational fishery in the area.
Combined with the delay announced on October 30, the full area where the recreational fishery is now delayed extends from the southern boundary of the Reading Rock State Marine Protected Areas (41° 17.6' N. latitude) to the southern boundary of the Ten Mile State Marine Reserve (39° 33.3' N. latitude). Recreational take and/or possession of Dungeness crab is prohibited in these closed waters.
The expansion follows CDFW's October 30 action. Under that release, the recreational Dungeness crab season opens on November 7 in most areas of California, but the use of recreational crab traps is restricted from the California/Oregon border to Point Conception until at least January 1, 2027, because of the number of confirmed humpback whale entanglements this year and the high abundance of humpback whales across the fishing grounds; the commercial Dungeness crab fishery in the same waters is also delayed until at least January 1, 2027. The trap restriction does not affect hoop nets and crab snares, but hoop nets must be serviced every two hours and cannot be left unattended for longer. CDFW anticipates the next risk assessment in mid-December, to inform a possible commercial opening and lifting of the recreational trap restrictions.
The new closure will remain in effect until the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, in consultation with the State Public Health Officer at the California Department of Public Health (CDPH), determines that domoic acid no longer poses a significant public health risk.
Domoic acid is a potent neurotoxin produced by Pseudo-nitzschia, a naturally occurring single-celled marine alga, under certain ocean conditions. It can accumulate in shellfish, other invertebrates and sometimes fish without the organisms becoming ill. At low levels, exposure can cause nausea, diarrhea and dizziness; at higher levels, it can cause persistent short-term memory loss, seizures and can in some cases be fatal.
For the latest fishery closure and health advisory information, call CDFW's Domoic Acid Fishery Closure Information Line at (831) 649-2883. For the latest consumption warnings, call the California Department of Public Health's Biotoxin Information Line at (510) 412-4643 or toll-free at (800) 553-4133. (Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife)
来源：加利福尼亚州鱼类和野生动物部
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：加利福尼亚州鱼类和野生动物部（CDFW）发布的珍宝蟹休闲捕捞限制图，2026年11月7日起生效，红色标记为关闭海域。来源：CDFW。 / Map: CDFW recreational Dungeness crab fishing restrictions effective November 7, 2026; areas marked in red are closed. Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW).
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