国家档案馆退伍军人节特辑：博加特18岁入海军 盖博41岁飞作战任务获杰出飞行十字勋章
位于华盛顿的美国国家档案馆博物馆（National Archives Museum）在退伍军人节（11月11日）之际推出专题介绍，把两位好莱坞影星的军旅档案摆到观众面前：18岁入伍美国海军的 Humphrey Bogart，与41岁入伍、飞越欧洲执行作战任务的 Clark Gable。两人都是国家档案馆「杰出人物档案」（Persons of Exceptional Prominence）的一部分，档案由位于 St. Louis 的国家人事档案中心保管。
Bogart 后来主演了《卡萨布兰卡》（Casablanca）与《非洲女王号》（African Queen）。1918年春，18岁的他加入美国海军，入伍申请签署于1918年5月28日。他先在纽约的 USS Granite State 与 Pelham Bay Park 海军训练营受训，1918年11月转到运兵船 USS Leviathan，在一战结束后把部队送回欧洲。
他的档案里也有一段不光彩的记录：1919年4月，他在 New Jersey 州 Hoboken 错过了 USS Santa Olivia 的开船时间，一度被列为逃兵，后改为擅离职守（AWOL），被判三天单禁、只给面包和水。1919年6月18日，Bogart 以二等士官军衔离开海军。
Gable 入伍时已经是好莱坞当红男星。1942年，他的妻子 Carole Lombard 在为战争债券巡演途中坠机身亡；同年8月12日，41岁的 Gable 以列兵身份加入美国陆军航空军。他在 Florida 州 Miami Beach 的军官候补学校受训，1942年10月28日毕业获少尉军衔，随后进入航空军柔性射击学校，1943年2月赴英国拍摄记录空中射击手的影片《Combat America》（战斗美国），并亲自飞过多趟欧洲作战任务，其中包括乘 B-17「飞行堡垒」轰炸机 Delta Rebel No. 2 出击。
Gable 因服役获飞行勋章与杰出飞行十字勋章（Distinguished Flying Cross）。他1943年10月回到美国，1944年6月12日以少校军衔结束现役，他的退役文件由时任上尉的 Ronald Reagan 签署。
档案馆博物馆的临时展览「Opening the Vault」（开启档案库）正在展出中，每日上午10时至下午5时30分开放。档案馆表示，军人人事档案里保存着大量对历史学者、传记作者与寻根者有价值的信息，这次特辑选取的两份档案，让观众看到银幕形象之外的两位军人。
（来源：美国国家档案馆）
National Archives Veterans Day Feature: Bogart Joined the Navy at 18, Gable Flew Combat Missions at 41 and Earned the Distinguished Flying Cross
The National Archives Museum in Washington is marking Veterans Day (November 11) with a feature on the military records of two Hollywood actors: Humphrey Bogart, who joined the U.S. Navy at 18, and Clark Gable, who enlisted at 41 and flew combat missions over Europe. Both men's files are part of the Persons of Exceptional Prominence records held by the National Personnel Records Center in St. Louis, Missouri.
Bogart went on to star in Casablanca and The African Queen. In the spring of 1918, the 18-year-old joined the Navy; his application for enrollment is dated May 28, 1918. He trained aboard USS Granite State in New York and at the Naval Training Camp in Pelham Bay Park, then transferred in November 1918 to the transport ship USS Leviathan, which carried troops home from Europe after World War I ended.
His file also holds a blemish: in April 1919 he missed his ship, USS Santa Olivia, when it sailed from Hoboken, New Jersey. He was originally listed as a deserter, but the offense was eventually recorded as absent without leave, for which he received three days of solitary confinement on bread and water. Bogart separated from the Navy on June 18, 1919, having attained the rank of petty officer second class.
Gable was already a Hollywood leading man when he enlisted as a private in the Army Air Forces on August 12, 1942, months after his wife, Carole Lombard, died in a plane crash during a war bond tour. He graduated from Officers' Candidate School in Miami Beach, Florida, as a second lieutenant on October 28, 1942, attended the Flexible Gunnery School, and in February 1943 went to England to film Combat America, a documentary about aerial gunners, flying several combat missions himself, including one aboard the B-17 Flying Fortress Delta Rebel No. 2.
For his service Gable was awarded the Air Medal and the Distinguished Flying Cross. He returned to the United States in October 1943 and was relieved from active duty as a major on June 12, 1944; his discharge papers are signed by Captain Ronald Reagan.
The museum's temporary exhibition Opening the Vault is currently on view, open daily from 10 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. The Archives notes that Official Military Personnel Files hold a wealth of information for historians, biographers and genealogists, and the two files highlighted for Veterans Day show the servicemen behind the screen images.
来源：美国国家档案馆
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：年轻的 Humphrey Bogart（左，海军制服）与 Clark Gable（右，飞行装具）军装合影。美国国家档案馆藏，公共领域。/ A young Humphrey Bogart (left) in his Navy uniform and Clark Gable (right) in flight gear. National Archives records, public domain.
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