内政部公布保护区改革计划：29项建议强化栖息地管理、扩大狩猎钓鱼机会
华盛顿——美国内政部与鱼类及野生动物管理局（U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service，FWS）11月6日发布《植根于使命》（Rooted in Purpose）评估报告，全面检视国家野生动物保护区系统，并同步公布内政部长 Doug Burgum 签署的部长令《让美国的国家野生动物保护区再次伟大》。
部长令要求管理局强化一线运作、支持主动栖息地管理、把保护区设立目的放在首位，并扩大与之相容的野生动物类休闲活动通道。
报告共提出29项建议，内容包括加强狩猎与钓鱼协调、增加保护区执法人员编制、把更多资源投向一线运作、拆除妨碍实务保护工作的障碍，同时处理关键基础设施、合作伙伴关系与行政支持等事项。
内政部长 Doug Burgum 说：「保护工作发生在实地，由最了解我们的土地与野生动物的人带领。在特朗普总统领导下，我们正在削减繁文缛节、把资源放到影响最大的地方。这些常识性建议为更健康的野生动物栖息地、更强的伙伴关系，以及让美国人有更多机会狩猎、钓鱼并享受属于他们的公共土地，提供了一条务实的路径。」
这项评估由鱼类及野生动物管理局局长 Brian Nesvik 依据其第230号局长令主持，过程包括员工问卷、保护区实地走访，以及面向各州、部落、私人土地所有者、狩猎与保护组织、退休人员和当地社区的征询。评估团队完成了41次保护区实地走访、118次线上走访和4次区域办公室走访；两轮内部问卷收到1,000多份回复，外部问卷收到2,000多份回复。
Brian Nesvik 说：「保护区员工知道土地需要什么、也知道把工作做成需要什么。他们的经验塑造了这份评估，他们的意见将帮助我们把建议落到实处。」
29项建议分属四个方面：在使命与栖息地方面，要求管理聚焦保护区设立目的，支持恰当使用计划烧除、放牧、农业、主动森林管理、入侵物种控制与捕食者管理；在组织与公众通道方面，要求削减不必要的总部与区域管理层级、把岗位导向一线，并强化狩猎钓鱼协调与保护区执法；在维护与基础设施方面，要求优先保障关键资产、改进维护评估并扩大共享队伍与设备的使用；在伙伴与行政支持方面，要求加强与各州、部落、土地所有者及其他伙伴的合作，同时简化妨碍一线工作的流程。
报告还建议对保护规划设定更明确的预期与问责，并对拟议的保护区用途及时作出决定。鱼类及野生动物管理局将以这些建议指导实施规划，明确责任办公室，并确定具体行动所需的资源与审批。（来源：美国内政部）
Interior Unveils Refuge Overhaul: 29 Recommendations to Strengthen Habitat Management and Expand Hunting and Fishing Access
Washington — The U.S. Department of the Interior and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service on November 6 released Rooted in Purpose, a review of the National Wildlife Refuge System, alongside Secretary of the Interior Doug Burgum's Secretary's Order, Making America's National Wildlife Refuges Great Again.
The order directs the Service to strengthen field operations, support active habitat management, prioritize refuge purposes and expand compatible wildlife-dependent recreation.
The report's 29 recommendations call for strengthening hunting and fishing coordination, increasing refuge law enforcement staffing, directing more resources to field operations and removing barriers to practical conservation work. They also address essential infrastructure, effective partnerships and administrative support that enables employees to do their jobs.
"Conservation happens on the ground, led by the people closest to our lands and wildlife who know them best," said Secretary of the Interior Doug Burgum. "Under President Trump's leadership, we're cutting red tape and putting resources where they will have the biggest impact. These commonsense recommendations provide a practical path to healthier wildlife habitats, stronger partnerships and more opportunities for Americans to hunt, fish and enjoy the public lands that belong to them."
Directed by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Director Brian Nesvik under Director's Order 230, the review drew on employee surveys, refuge visits and outreach to states, tribes, private landowners, hunting and conservation organizations, retirees and local communities. Reviewers conducted 41 in-person refuge visits, 118 virtual visits and four regional office visits. Two internal surveys received more than 1,000 responses, and an external survey received more than 2,000 responses.
"Refuge employees know what the land needs and what it takes to get the work done," said U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Director Brian Nesvik. "Their experience shaped this review, and their input will help us put its recommendations into action."
The recommendations address four areas. On mission and habitat, they call for keeping management focused on refuge purposes and supporting appropriate use of prescribed fire, grazing, agriculture, active forest management, invasive species control and predator management. On organization and public access, they call for reducing unnecessary headquarters and regional management layers, directing positions toward field operations, and strengthening hunting and fishing coordination and refuge law enforcement. On maintenance and infrastructure, they call for prioritizing essential assets, improving maintenance assessments and expanding the use of shared crews and equipment. On partnerships and administrative support, they call for stronger cooperation with states, tribes, landowners and other partners while simplifying processes that impede fieldwork.
The report also recommends clearer expectations and accountability for conservation planning and timely decisions on proposed refuge uses. The Service will use the recommendations to guide implementation planning, identify responsible offices and determine the resources and approvals needed for specific actions. (Source: U.S. Department of the Interior)
来源：美国内政部
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：民众在 Aransas 国家野生动物保护区观鸟。照片：Steve Hillebrand，美国鱼类及野生动物管理局（公共领域），经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Bird observation at Aransas National Wildlife Refuge. Photo by Steve Hillebrand, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (public domain), via Wikimedia Commons.
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