NASA自主着陆导航实验取得进展：无人机模拟月球下降、能自行改飞安全着陆点
美国国家航空航天局（NASA）2026年11月4日宣布，该局已成功演示一项帮助航天器自主导航至月球及其他行星安全着陆点的技术。
一架 Alta-X 无人机搭载 NASA 的「安全精确着陆——综合能力演进」（SPLICE）制导、导航与控制载荷，于2026年8月27日在加州 Edwards 的 NASA Armstrong 飞行研究中心附近的 Rogers Dry Lake 完成了模拟月球下降与着陆机动。
试飞中，SPLICE 载荷用先进制导系统绘制地形图、评估潜在着陆区；若系统判定目标着陆区不安全，就会把飞行器引导至更安全的地点。该系统利用光探测与传感数据生成高分辨率数字高程图。
SPLICE 载荷由 NASA 位于 Houston 的 Johnson 航天中心研制，并与 Armstrong 的专家合作，在今年6月至7月把载荷集成到 Alta-X 无人机上试飞，验证了载荷与无人机之间的通信、数据处理、遥测与指挥控制性能，为本月晚些时候在加州 Mojave 的 Voyager Technologies 进行的全尺寸测试做准备。
NASA 项目经理 Davis Adams 说：「这次试飞是 SPLICE 项目近十年工作的阶段成果。这次飞行提高了技术成熟度，使其能集成进未来的机器人与载人登月飞行；制导与导航系统的验证同样适用于地球、月球与火星的下降着陆任务。」
NASA 已与多家商业月球着陆器厂商合作，把 SPLICE 的不同版本集成进其平台；多台计划用于后续月球基地任务的着陆器，都在利用 NASA 通过 SPLICE 等系统开发积累的数据执行月面软着陆。Adams 表示，该局正与业界协调在系统进入 NASA 软件目录后推广使用，目前计划于今年秋季入目录。（来源：美国国家航空航天局）
NASA Navigation Experiment Shows Promise for Planetary Landings
NASA announced on November 4, 2026, that it has successfully demonstrated technology designed to help spacecraft autonomously navigate to safe landing sites on the Moon and on other planets.
An Alta-X drone equipped with the agency's Safe and Precise Landing - Integrated Capabilities Evolution (SPLICE) guidance, navigation, and control payload completed simulated lunar descent and landing maneuvers on August 27. The flight took place at Rogers Dry Lake near NASA's Armstrong Flight Research Center in Edwards, California.
During the tests, the SPLICE payload used an advanced guidance system to map the terrain and assess potential landing areas. If the system determines the targeted landing area is unsafe, it diverts the craft to a safer location. The system generates high-resolution digital elevation maps from light-detection and sensor data.
Researchers at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston developed the SPLICE payload and partnered with specialists at NASA Armstrong to integrate, test, and fly it aboard the Alta-X drone in June and July. Those tests verified communications, data handling, telemetry, and command-control performance in preparation for a full-scale test at Voyager Technologies in Mojave, California, later this month.
"This flight test is the culmination of almost a decade of work for the SPLICE project," said Davis Adams, NASA project manager. "This flight raised the technology readiness level, priming it for integration into future robotic and crewed lunar flights. Validation of the guidance and navigation systems is applicable to terrestrial, lunar, and Martian descent and landing missions."
NASA has worked with a number of commercial lunar lander providers to implement iterations of SPLICE into their platforms, and a number of landers slated for upcoming Moon Base missions leverage data collected through systems like SPLICE to execute soft touchdowns on the lunar surface. Adams said the agency is coordinating with industry on use of the guidance system once it is available in the NASA software catalog, currently planned for this fall. (Source: NASA)
来源：美国国家航空航天局
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：美国国家航空航天局总部大楼（联邦固定图库） / NASA headquarters (federal fixed image library)
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