冯德莱恩：霍尔木兹海峡关闭已让欧洲化石燃料进口多花1270亿欧元
欧盟委员会主席 Ursula von der Leyen 11月3日在布鲁塞尔举行的 WinWin 峰会上表示，自霍尔木兹海峡关闭以来，欧洲进口化石燃料多付出了1270亿欧元，「却没有多得到哪怕一个分子的能源」。
「1270亿欧元，仅仅是因为这条海峡被关闭，」她说，「当我们进口石油和天然气时，我们也冒着把随之而来的冲击和危机一同进口的风险。」她以这个数字论证欧洲必须降低对进口化石燃料的依赖，称清洁转型不仅关乎气候，也关乎欧洲的竞争力和战略独立。欧盟已承诺2050年实现气候中和，并同意到2040年将排放量减少90%。
霍尔木兹海峡在关闭前承担着全球约五分之一的海运石油和液化天然气运输。今年2月底美国与以色列打击伊朗后，伊朗事实上关闭了这条水道，并对邻国能源基础设施发动攻击。von der Leyen 这番话发表之际，美军刚于11月2日晚打击了位于海峡内的伊朗格什姆岛，美方称此举是保护美军资产的防御措施。11月3日中午，布伦特原油在欧洲交易时段报约每桶106美元，当日上涨约1%。
这一数字在近两个月里不断上调：von der Leyen 9月16日在欧洲议会发表盟情咨文时给出的数字是900亿欧元，10月6日她在欧洲议会辩论中称已达1000亿欧元，本周二更新为1270亿欧元。
Von der Leyen: Hormuz Closure Has Cost Europe an Extra 127 Billion Euros in Fossil Fuel Imports
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said at the WinWin Summit in Brussels on November 3 that since the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, imported fossil fuels have cost Europe an additional 127 billion euros, "without a single molecule of energy in addition."
"127 billion euros just because of the closure of this strait," she said. "When we import oil and gas, we also risk importing the shocks and the crises that come with them." She used the figure to argue that Europe must cut its dependence on imported fossil fuels, saying the clean transition is not only a climate issue but also one of competitiveness and strategic independence. The European Union has committed to climate neutrality by 2050 and has agreed to cut emissions by 90 percent by 2040.
Before its closure, the Strait of Hormuz carried roughly a fifth of the world's seaborne oil and liquefied natural gas. After the United States and Israel attacked Iran in late February, Tehran effectively closed the waterway and launched attacks on neighbouring countries' energy infrastructure. Von der Leyen's remarks came a day after U.S. forces struck Iran's Qeshm Island, inside the strait, on the night of November 2, in what Washington described as a defensive measure to protect American military assets. Brent crude was trading at around 106 dollars a barrel around noon in Europe on November 3, up about 1 percent on the day.
The figure has climbed steadily over the past two months: von der Leyen put it at 90 billion euros in her State of the Union address on September 16, at 100 billion euros in a European Parliament debate on October 6, and updated it to 127 billion euros on Tuesday.
来源：欧盟委员会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：欧盟委员会主席 Ursula von der Leyen（资料图）。照片 CC BY-SA 4.0，作者 Grunpfnul，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen (file photo). CC BY-SA 4.0, by Grunpfnul, via Wikimedia Commons.
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