「志愿联盟」多国部队将举行首次大演习：11国2800人11月9日至22日在波兰演练停火后进驻乌克兰
英国国防部11月3日宣布，「志愿联盟」框架下的乌克兰多国部队（MNF-U）将于11月9日至22日在波兰东南部 Nowa Dęba 一带举行首次大演习，演习代号「Koalicja」（波兰语「联盟」）。约2800名军人参加，演练这支部队在停火后进驻乌克兰时如何机动、如何防护、如何补给。Nowa Dęba 位于乌克兰边境以西约100公里。
参演的11国是比利时、爱沙尼亚、法国、德国、立陶宛、荷兰、波兰、西班牙、瑞典、土耳其和英国。法国派出最大的一支、约1100人；英国约300人，并出动皇家空军「台风」战斗机与一架「航行者」加油机，陆军第7旅参与后勤机动演练。土耳其不派兵到波兰，而是从伊斯坦布尔主导一项海上模拟，测试黑海扫雷的准备情况。演习只用轻型装备、包括用于反无人机与自卫演练的无人机，不设坦克。
乌克兰多国部队是「志愿联盟」的军事臂膀，2025年9月组建，司令部设在巴黎、今年内将迁往伦敦，由英国陆军中将 Tom Bateman 任司令，法国将军 Armel Dirou 任副手。英国国防大臣 Wes Streeting 称，这支部队「是真实的、不是纸面计划」。Bateman 表示，这不是维和或停火监督任务、没有进攻使命：部队只会在战争停止后、应乌克兰政府邀请进驻，任务是协助重建乌克兰武装力量、协助保卫乌克兰空域并帮助黑海恢复通航；这也不是北约的行动。
俄方此前已表示，这类在乌克兰部署外国部队的计划构成威胁、部署的部队将被视为合法打击目标。演习举行的同一周，美俄乌三方会谈定于11月10日至11日在阿布扎比举行；德国总理默茨11月3日另行邀请「志愿联盟」成员11月19日到柏林开会，协调停火情形下的外交与援助安排。
关联：默茨在柏林会见泽连斯基：追加2亿欧元冬季援助，邀「志愿联盟」11月19日在柏林开会
Coalition of the Willing Force to Hold First Major Exercise: 2,800 Troops from 11 Nations to Drill in Poland for a Post-Ceasefire Deployment to Ukraine
The UK Ministry of Defence announced on November 3 that the Multinational Force Ukraine (MNF-U), the military arm of the Coalition of the Willing, will hold its first major exercise, codenamed Koalicja (Polish for 'coalition'), from November 9 to 22 around Nowa Dęba in southeastern Poland, about 100 kilometres west of the Ukrainian border. About 2,800 troops will rehearse how the force would move, protect itself and be supplied if it deployed to Ukraine after a ceasefire.
Eleven nations are taking part: Belgium, Estonia, France, Germany, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Türkiye and the UK. France is sending the largest contingent, about 1,100 personnel; the UK is sending about 300, including RAF Typhoon fighters and a Voyager refuelling aircraft, with the Army's 7 Brigade rehearsing logistical movements. Türkiye will not send troops to Poland but will lead a separate maritime simulation from Istanbul testing readiness for mine clearance in the Black Sea. The exercise uses only light equipment, including drones for counter-drone and self-defence drills, and no tanks.
The Multinational Force Ukraine was set up in September 2025 as the Coalition of the Willing's military arm. Its headquarters is in Paris and is due to move to London this year; it is commanded by British Lieutenant General Tom Bateman, with French General Armel Dirou as his deputy. Defence Secretary Wes Streeting called it 'a real force, not a hypothetical plan.' Bateman stressed it is not a peacekeeping or ceasefire-monitoring mission and has no offensive role: the force would enter Ukraine only after hostilities cease and at the Ukrainian government's invitation, to help rebuild Ukraine's armed forces, help secure its skies and help reopen Black Sea shipping. It is not a NATO operation.
Russia has previously said that plans to deploy foreign forces in Ukraine are a threat and that such forces would be legitimate targets. The exercise falls in the same week as U.S.-Russia-Ukraine talks scheduled for November 10-11 in Abu Dhabi; German Chancellor Friedrich Merz on November 3 separately invited the Coalition of the Willing to meet in Berlin on November 19 to coordinate diplomatic and aid arrangements for a possible ceasefire.
来源：英国国防部
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：将参加「Koalicja」演习的英国皇家空军「台风」战斗机（资料图）。照片 CC BY-SA 4.0，作者 Jakub Hałun，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: A Royal Air Force Typhoon jet, of the type taking part in Exercise Koalicja (file photo). CC BY-SA 4.0, by Jakub Hałun, via Wikimedia Commons.
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