跟进：美国中期选举投票日：提前投票逾5,750万张创中期纪录，435个众议院席位与35个参议院席位待决

美国华盛顿消息，2026 年 11 月 3 日星期二，美国中期选举迎来投票日，全部 435 个众议院席位、35 个参议院席位与 36个州长职位同日改选。投票站将于各地当地时间 3 日上午陆续开放，东部时间首批投票站将于晚 6 时关闭。民主党若要同时拿下两院，须在众议院净增3 席、在参议院净增 4 席；共和党目前在参议院以 53 席对 47 席领先。

投票日前夜的提前投票统计已创中期选举纪录。佛罗里达大学选举实验室（University of Florida Election Lab）截至11 月 2 日星期一下午 6 时 40 分（东部时间）的统计为 57,530,789 张，其中现场提前投票 31,872,117张、寄回的邮寄选票 25,658,672 张；全国广播公司（NBC News）截至同日晚 7 时的统计为 57,243,189张。两家统计口径与截止时间不同，数字因此有别，但均已超过该实验室统计的 2022 年中期选举提前投票全程总数 45,920,446张，多出约 1,160 万张。上述数字为非官方追踪统计，各州陆续上报后仍可能变动；提前投票数字只说明投票人数，不说明投票意向，各州在投票站关闭前不公布提前投票的计票结果。

州级数据同样高于 2022 年同期。得克萨斯州提前投票逾 770 万张；佛罗里达州为 5,408,792 张，其中现场提前投票3,467,309 张、邮寄选票 1,941,483 张；北卡罗来纳州为 2,816,820 张；佐治亚州逾 280万张；纽约州现场提前投票为 1,965,043 人，高于 2022 年的 1,178,676 人。

计票时间线是投票日夜的另一看点。美联社的报道计划覆盖全美近 7,000场比赛；美联社说明，只有当落后候选人已无现实反超路径时才会宣布胜者。加利福尼亚州的大量邮寄选票计票、阿拉斯加州与缅因州的排序复选制，都可能使部分席位的最终归属延后揭晓。投票日结果只决定席位归属的起点，第120 届国会将于 2027 年 1 月就职，选举后的认证与交接仍在其后进行。

（来源：佛罗里达大学选举实验室、全国广播公司）

Follow-up: U.S. Midterm Election Day: Early Voting Tops 57.5 Million, a Midterm Record, as 435 House Seats and 35 Senate Seats Are Decided

WASHINGTON — Tuesday, November 3, 2026, is Election Day in the United States midterm elections, with all 435 House seats, 35 Senate seats and 36 governorships on the ballot. Polling places open during the morning local time, and the first polls close at 6 p.m. Eastern Time. To take both chambers, Democrats need a net gain of three House seats and four Senate seats; Republicans currently lead the Senate 53-47.

Early voting had already set a midterm record before Election Day. The University of Florida Election Lab counted 57,530,789 early votes as of 6:40 p.m. Eastern Time on Monday, November 2, including 31,872,117 in-person early votes and 25,658,672 returned mail ballots. NBC News counted 57,243,189 as of 7 p.m. the same evening. The two trackers use different cut-off times and methods, so their totals differ, but both exceed the lab's 2022 midterm early-vote total of 45,920,446, by about 11.6 million. These are unofficial tracking figures that can change as states finish reporting; early-vote totals show how many people voted, not how they voted, and no early ballots are reported as results before polls close.

State figures also ran ahead of 2022. Texas recorded more than 7.7 million early ballots; Florida recorded 5,408,792, including 3,467,309 early in-person votes and 1,941,483 mail ballots; North Carolina recorded 2,816,820; Georgia recorded more than 2.8 million; and New York recorded 1,965,043 early in-person voters, up from 1,178,676 in 2022.

The counting timeline is the other story of election night. The Associated Press plans to cover nearly 7,000 races across all 50 states, and it says it declares a winner only when a trailing candidate has no plausible route to overtake the leader. California's large mail-ballot count and ranked-choice voting in Alaska and Maine may delay some final calls. Election Day decides the seats; the 120th Congress is due to begin in January 2027, with certification and transition still to follow.

(Sources: University of Florida Election Lab; NBC News)

来源：佛罗里达大学选举实验室、全国广播公司

发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）

图片来源：图：美国选民在纽约一处投票站外排队等候投票（资料图）。Eden, Janine and Jim 摄，CC BY 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Voters line up outside a polling place in New York (file photo). By Eden, Janine and Jim, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story

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