美国钢材价格逼近每吨1400美元，爱荷华制造商成本承压
爱荷华州立大学经济学临时系主任彼得·奥拉泽姆11月3日向媒体表示，美国国产热轧卷板价格已逼近每吨1400美元，是四年来较高水平，关税上升与国内供应紧张正在推高爱荷华州制造企业的成本。奥拉泽姆指出，美国钢材价格约为中国同类产品的三倍，比欧洲价格高出约三分之二，自2025年2月以来已上涨约34%，而同期加拿大仅上涨约1%。
根据232条款征收的国家安全关税仍在实施，涵盖进口钢材的税率最高达50%，具体税率与豁免因产品类别与原产地而异。爱荷华州大型制造雇主迪尔公司此前预计，2026财年的净关税成本约为9亿美元，该财年已于11月1日结束。
业内人士表示，钢材密集型企业正面临原材料与成品定价的双重压力，成本变化可能进一步传导至农业机械与零部件供应链。爱荷华州的农机与金属加工企业多为本地就业的重要支柱，业界呼吁在关税与供应政策上保持稳定，让企业能够更准确地安排采购与生产计划。
U.S. Steel Prices Near $1,400 a Ton Squeeze Iowa Manufacturers as Tariffs and Tight Supply Push Costs Up
Peter Orazem, interim chair of economics at Iowa State University in Ames, Story County, Iowa, told media on November 3 that U.S. hot-rolled coil prices have approached $1,400 a ton, a four-year high, as higher tariffs and tight domestic supply push up costs for Iowa manufacturers. Orazem noted that U.S. steel prices are roughly three times those of comparable Chinese products and about two-thirds higher than European prices, and have risen about 34% since February 2025, while Canada's rose only about 1% over the same period.
National security tariffs under Section 232 remain in place on imported steel, at rates of up to 50%, with exact rates and exemptions varying by product category and country of origin. Deere & Company, a major Iowa manufacturing employer, previously estimated net tariff costs of about $900 million for its fiscal 2026, which ended on November 1. Industry voices say steel-intensive companies face pressure on both raw material and finished product pricing, and that cost changes could pass through to farm machinery and parts supply chains. Iowa's farm equipment and metal processing firms are pillars of local employment, and the industry is calling for stable tariff and supply policy so companies can plan purchasing and production more accurately.
(Source: Iowa State University)
来源：爱荷华州立大学
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：钢厂生产车间。（照片：Govindaraj Mahalakshmi，CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons） / Photo: Inside a steel plant. (Photo: Govindaraj Mahalakshmi, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons)
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