世界银行：撒哈拉以南非洲城市人口2050年将达17亿 罗安达将成最大城市
世界银行新报告《撒哈拉以南非洲的城市觉醒》指出，该地区城市人口将从2025年的9.13亿增至2050年的17亿，25年间新增约7.48亿城市居民，届时其城市化将基本完成。报告于10月下旬发布。
报告说，该地区每年约有1500万年轻人进入劳动力市场，必须创造大致同等数量的新岗位；但人均国内生产总值多年来停滞在约4400美元，生产率提升有限、收入增长缓慢，许多工作仍是非正式的低薪岗位。城市建成区面积预计在2025至2050年间扩大90%，71%的城市人口增长将发生在现有城市边界之外。
按报告预测，安哥拉首都罗安达的人口将增长78%，从2025年的约1140万增至2050年的约2030万，超过尼日利亚拉各斯（从1280万增至约1620万），成为该地区最大城市；到2050年至少15座城市人口将超过700万，而2025年只有5座。
世界银行首席知识官 Paschal Donohoe 在报告前言中说，今天关于城市增长的决策可以在未来多年里创造就业、提高生产率并吸引私人投资。报告建议按城市、快速扩张的城郊与小城镇三类区域分别投入基础基础设施、推进监管改革并动员私人资本，同时加强城市治理与财政。
World Bank: Sub-Saharan Africa's Urban Population to Reach 1.7 Billion by 2050, Luanda to Become Largest City
Sub-Saharan Africa's urban population will grow from 913 million in 2025 to 1.7 billion by 2050, adding about 748 million urban residents over 25 years, by which time its urbanisation will be almost complete, according to the World Bank's new report, Sub-Saharan Africa's Urban Awakening, released in late October.
The report says about 15 million young people enter the region's labour markets every year, requiring roughly the same number of new jobs, yet GDP per capita has stagnated at about $4,400, productivity gains remain limited, incomes have grown slowly and many workers remain in informal, low-paying jobs. Urban areas are projected to expand by 90 percent between 2025 and 2050, with 71 percent of urban population growth expected to occur outside existing city boundaries.
Angola's capital Luanda is projected to grow by 78 percent, from about 11.4 million in 2025 to about 20.3 million by 2050, overtaking Nigeria's Lagos, which grows from 12.8 million to about 16.2 million, as the region's largest city. At least 15 cities are forecast to exceed 7 million people by 2050, compared with just five in 2025.
Paschal Donohoe, the World Bank's chief knowledge officer, wrote in the report's foreword that the decisions made today regarding urban growth can foster job creation, enhance productivity and attract private investment for years ahead. The Bank recommends targeted investment in foundational infrastructure, regulatory reform and private capital mobilisation for cities, their peripheries and small towns, supported by stronger urban governance and finance.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：照片：安哥拉首都罗安达天际线，David Stanley 摄，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY 2.0 授权 / Photo: Luanda skyline, Angola, by David Stanley, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0
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