英国：海外防务承包商须等额回投英国 5000万英镑以上合同适用新规
英国政府10月30日发布全新的国防「抵消」政策：赢得重大英国国防合同的海外公司，将被要求把最高与合同等值的利益回投英国，包括创造就业和学徒岗位、新建工厂、投资英国供应商和转让技术。
新规适用于5000万英镑以上的海外国防合同：例如一份1亿英镑的合同，可带来最高1亿英镑价值的新岗位、设施或技能培训。政策将从2027年4月起适用于部分采购项目，由新设的中央抵消管理局负责商定和监督。
财政大臣约翰·希利（John Healey）和国防大臣韦斯·斯特里廷（Wes Streeting）在格拉斯哥的BAE系统公司斯科茨顿厂区宣布了这项政策。希利说，当大合同流向海外时，新规将确保其100%的价值为英国工人和企业创造新机会。
政府说，英国还设定了2030年国防开支占国内生产总值（GDP）3%的目标，并走在北约2035年3.5%承诺的路上；去年国防部投资支持了英国工业界27.4万个岗位。自2016年以来，英国在海外国防合同和服务上花了超过352亿英镑，占同期国防部对工业界直接支出的11%。
UK: Overseas Defence Contractors Must Invest Back Up to Full Contract Value Under New Offsets Policy
The UK government published a new defence Offsets policy on October 30: overseas companies that win significant UK defence contracts will be required to invest benefits back into Britain up to the same value as the contract, through new jobs and apprenticeships, opening factories, investing in domestic suppliers and transferring technology.
Contracts worth over £50 million will be considered for offsets: a £100 million contract could see new jobs, facilities or skills training up to the same £100 million value in the UK. The policy will apply to a select number of procurements from April 2027, overseen by a new central Offset Authority.
Chancellor John Healey and Defence Secretary Wes Streeting announced the policy on a visit to BAE Systems at Scotstoun, Glasgow. Healey said that when a big contract goes overseas, the changes will ensure 100 percent of the value creates new opportunities for workers and businesses at home.
The government said Britain has set a target of spending 3 percent of GDP on defence in 2030, on the path to the NATO commitment of 3.5 percent in 2035, and that defence investment supported 274,000 jobs in UK industry last year. Since 2016, over £35.2 billion has been spent on defence contracts and services with industry overseas, 11 percent of total Ministry of Defence direct expenditure with industry in that period.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：照片：英国航母上层建筑部件运抵苏格兰罗塞斯造船厂，英国国防部（LA(Phot) M.Hogan 摄），开放政府许可（OGL v1.0）/ Photo: carrier superstructure arriving at Rosyth, Scotland, UK Ministry of Defence, Open Government Licence v1.0
