瑞士：法院改判白俄罗斯前特警强迫失踪罪成 联合国专家称里程碑
联合国专家10月30日发表声明，欢迎瑞士一家法院的裁决：白俄罗斯特警部队（SOBR）前成员尤里·哈劳斯基（Yurii Harauski）被认定对1999年反对派人物阿纳托尔·克拉索夫斯基（Anatol Krasouski）的强迫失踪负有刑事责任。
圣加仑州法院的上诉判决部分推翻了2023年对哈劳斯基的无罪判决，就克拉索夫斯基一案判处其两年缓刑。这起案件已成为强迫失踪领域普遍管辖的里程碑式检验。
哈劳斯基供认，他参与绑架了三名白俄罗斯反对派人物：尤里·扎哈连卡（Yury Zakharanka）于1999年5月、维克塔尔·汉查尔（Viktar Hanchar）和克拉索夫斯基于同年9月被绑架；三人据报在绑架后遇害，但遗骸至今未被找到和确认。三起案件仍在联合国强迫失踪问题工作组处理中。
专家们说，这项判决表明，这类罪行不会仅因年代久远就逃出司法追究；在侵权发生国无法实现正义时，普遍管辖可以提供一条问责之路。他们敦促白俄罗斯当局调查这三起强迫失踪、将责任人绳之以法。
Switzerland: Court Finds Ex-Belarus Officer Responsible for Enforced Disappearance, UN Experts Welcome Judgment
UN experts welcomed on October 30 a Swiss court judgment finding Yurii Harauski, a former member of the Belarusian special police unit SOBR, criminally responsible for the enforced disappearance of Anatol Krasouski, one of three Belarusian opposition figures forcibly disappeared in 1999.
The appeal judgment by the Cantonal Court of St. Gallen partially overturns Harauski's 2023 acquittal and imposed a two-year suspended prison sentence for the disappearance of Krasouski, in proceedings the experts called a landmark test of universal jurisdiction in enforced disappearance cases.
Harauski confessed to kidnapping Yury Zakharanka in May 1999 and Viktar Hanchar and Anatol Krasouski in September of the same year; all three were reportedly killed after their abduction, though their remains have not been located or identified. All three cases remain outstanding before the UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances.
The experts said the judgment shows such crimes cannot remain beyond the reach of justice merely because they were committed many years ago, and that where justice is unavailable in the country where violations occurred, universal jurisdiction can provide an essential avenue for accountability. They urged Belarus to investigate the disappearances and bring those responsible to justice.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：照片：瑞士圣加仑老城街景，Marek Ślusarczyk 摄，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY 3.0 授权 / Photo: old town of St. Gallen, Switzerland, by Marek Ślusarczyk, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 3.0
