联合国专家：有毒污染是全球健康紧急事件 呼吁制定全球公约
联合国有毒物质与人权问题特别报告员马科斯·奥雷利亚纳（Marcos Orellana）10月29日警告，有毒污染是一场全球健康紧急事件，全球监管真空助长了有毒物质引发的“大流行”，每年有数百万人因此丧生。
奥雷利亚纳向联合国大会提交报告时说，多达三分之一的儿童血铅水平超标，铅暴露是对儿童健康和发展影响最严重的风险因素之一；许多国家对铅的管制依然薄弱，含铅油漆仍在全球销售。
报告指出，有毒产品的出口贸易正在把有害物质转移到管制较弱的国家：含铅油漆、有毒农药、镉等有毒物质被出口到发展中国家，相当于把“有毒负担”转嫁给中低收入国家的工人和社区；汞污染则持续威胁依赖鱼类为生的社区、土著人民和沿海经济。
奥雷利亚纳呼吁制定一项全球性公约，在尊重人权的基础上规范有毒物质的整个生命周期管理，并强调所有人都有权生活在无毒环境中，当前和子孙后代的健康不应被当作工业和商业利润的抵押品。
UN Expert: Toxic Pollution Is a Global Health Emergency, Global Treaty Needed
Marcos Orellana, the UN Special Rapporteur on toxics and human rights, warned on October 29 that toxic pollution is a global health emergency, saying a worldwide regulatory vacuum is fuelling a toxics "pandemic" that kills millions of people every year.
Presenting his report to the UN General Assembly, Orellana said up to one third of children have elevated blood lead levels, making lead exposure one of the most damaging risks to children's health and development. Regulation of lead remains weak in many countries and lead paint is still sold worldwide.
The report says the export trade in toxic products shifts hazards to countries with weaker controls: lead paint, toxic pesticides and substances such as cadmium are exported to developing countries, transferring the "toxic burden" to workers and communities in low- and middle-income countries, while mercury pollution continues to threaten fish-dependent communities, Indigenous peoples and coastal economies.
Orellana called for a global treaty to regulate the life cycle of toxic substances on a human-rights basis, saying everyone has the right to live in a toxic-free environment and that the health of present and future generations should not be collateral for industrial and commercial profit.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：照片：爱沙尼亚基维奥利化工厂（资料图），Hannu 摄，Wikimedia Commons，公共领域 / Photo of Kiviõli chemical plant by Hannu, Wikimedia Commons, public domain
