阿富汗：鸦片种植面积一年暴增330% 塔利班禁令后首次大反弹
联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室（UNODC）10月29日发布的调查显示，阿富汗的鸦片罂粟种植面积今年暴增330%，达到4.3万多公顷，而2025年仅略高于1万公顷。
鸦片产量增幅更大：从2025年的约300吨猛增近400%，达到略低于1500吨。这是自塔利班2022年4月颁布毒品禁令以来，阿富汗鸦片种植首次出现显著增长。
调查显示，罂粟种植已遍布阿富汗34个省中的16个，比去年多5个省，四分之三的种植集中在东北部地区。种植面积仍远低于禁令前2021年约23.2万公顷的水平，当时阿富汗供应了全球约80%的鸦片。
联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室驻阿富汗负责人莫妮卡·朱马（Monica Juma）说，种植反弹显示许多农户生计陷入困境，也显示毒品市场对外部冲击的适应力。该机构指出，罂粟种植利润依然丰厚：去年鸦片每公斤约570美元，目前约500美元，而禁令前不到100美元。种植反弹的另一个因素是执法难度加大：农民把罂粟藏进谷物田，或种在有围墙的院落里。
塔利班当局表示，今年已铲除2.2万公顷罂粟。朱马说，毒品种植增加也给邻国带来负担，包括非法贸易和有组织犯罪上升，周边国家的执法成本随之增加。
Afghanistan: Opium Poppy Area Surges 330 Percent in a Year, First Big Rebound Since Taliban Ban
A survey released on October 29 by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) shows that the area under opium poppy cultivation in Afghanistan rose by 330 percent this year, to more than 43,000 hectares, from just over 10,000 hectares in 2025.
Opium production rose even faster, by almost 400 percent, from around 300 tonnes in 2025 to just under 1,500 tonnes. It is the first significant increase since the Taliban imposed a drug ban in April 2022.
Poppy is now grown in 16 of Afghanistan's 34 provinces, five more than last year, with three quarters of cultivation in the northeast. The area remains far below the roughly 232,000 hectares recorded in 2021, before the ban, when Afghanistan supplied around 80 percent of the world's opium.
Monica Juma, the UNODC's head in Afghanistan, said the rebound reflects the dire livelihoods of many farmers and the drug market's resilience to shocks. Opium remains lucrative: prices were about $570 per kilogram last year and are now around $500, compared with under $100 before the ban. Farmers increasingly hide poppy inside cereal fields or walled compounds, making enforcement harder. The Taliban authorities say they eradicated 22,000 hectares this year.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：照片：美国海军陆战队 Pete Thibodeau 中士摄于阿富汗赫尔曼德省罂粟田，公共领域 / Photo by Sgt Pete Thibodeau, USMC, poppy field in Helmand, Afghanistan, public domain
