韩国：2030年前所有企业须将员工退职金交外部机构托管
韩国雇佣劳动部10月29日宣布，政府将分阶段强制所有企业把员工的退职金（离职补偿金）积累在公司外部的金融机构，而不再由公司内部留存，以防企业倒闭时员工拿不到钱。
按时间表：雇员100人以上的企业从2028年起执行，10至99人的企业2029年，10人以下的小企业2030年。政府说，这项要求不溯及既往，只适用于新规生效后产生的退职金权益。
韩国劳动部的数据显示，去年拖欠的工资中，退职金占41.1%，达8229亿韩元，是欠薪的最大头。新规下，中小企业将自动加入名为“蓝色种子”的退休养老金基金；雇员55岁后的福利将默认以年金形式领取。政府在2027年预算中编列122亿韩元，支援中小企业履行托管义务。
不过，劳动部对1500家企业的调查显示，52.5%的企业主认为强制托管会成为负担。劳动部长官金永勋（音译）说，改革对许多企业意味着额外的、数额可观的成本，但拖欠退职金本质上伤害的是辛勤工作的劳动者。
South Korea: All Employers Must Fund Severance Pay Externally by 2030
South Korea's Ministry of Employment and Labor announced on October 29 that all employers will be required to fund workers' severance pay through external financial institutions rather than holding it in-house, in phases to be completed by 2030, so employees are not left unpaid when a company fails.
Workplaces with 100 or more employees must comply from 2028, those with 10 to 99 employees from 2029, and workplaces with fewer than 10 employees from 2030. The requirement is not retroactive and applies only to entitlements arising after it takes effect.
Ministry data show severance pay accounted for 41.1 percent of unpaid wages last year, 822.9 billion won, the largest single category. Small and medium-sized firms will be automatically enrolled in the "Blue Seed" retirement pension fund, and benefits after age 55 will default to annuity payments. The government has set aside 12.2 billion won in the 2027 budget to help smaller firms comply.
In a ministry survey of 1,500 workplaces, 52.5 percent of owners called the mandate a burden. Labor Minister Kim Young-hoon said the change imposes real additional costs on many businesses, but that unpaid severance fundamentally harms people who worked diligently.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：照片：韩国首尔江南街景，Qhairy 摄，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY 4.0 授权 / Photo of a Gangnam street in Seoul by Qhairy, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0
