万圣节10月31日到来：CPSC安全清单逐项查服装阻燃、反光带、糖果与南瓜灯明火
万圣节在10月31日（周六）到来，孩子们将穿上服装上街讨糖。美国消费品安全委员会（CPSC）长期发布的官方安全指引把风险集中在三处：服装、糖果与装饰。出门前花几分钟逐项检查，可以避开每年万圣节最常见的烧伤、绊倒与视线受阻等伤害。
服装先看阻燃。购买服装、面具、假胡子与假发时，认准标有“Flame Resistant”（阻燃）的产品，或选尼龙、涤纶等面料。阻燃并不等于不会着火，而是表示材料不易燃烧、离开火源后应能迅速自熄。同时避开轻薄飘逸的材料与宽大袖子、蓬松长裙等设计，减少服装擦过蜡烛与南瓜灯明火的机会。
可见度与合身同样重要。服装以浅色、明亮、能让司机看清为宜，并在服装与糖果袋上贴反光带，反光带在车灯照射下会发亮，五金店、自行车店与体育用品店都有售。孩子应携带手电，既照路也让别人看见自己。服装要合身、不拖地以防绊倒，穿合脚结实的鞋，不要穿大人的高跟鞋。帽子与围巾要系牢，防止滑落遮住眼睛。面具方面，能用化妆代替就不用面具；若戴面具，眼孔必须足够大以保证完整视野，面具要贴合且透气。
糖果回家先检后吃。CPSC 特别强调，所有讨来的糖果都要等孩子回家、由大人仔细检查后再吃，检查有无篡改痕迹，包装破损或可疑的直接丢弃，孩子在外面不要先吃任何糖果。
道具与装饰收尾检查。刀、剑一类道具应选柔软、可弯折的材料。蜡烛与南瓜灯要远离门廊、台阶等服装容易擦过的地方，室内则远离窗帘与装饰物，点燃的蜡烛不要无人看管。装饰灯串只用经认可检测实验室检验合格的产品，新旧灯串都要检查插座有无破裂、电线有无磨损裸露、接头有无松动，损坏的整套丢弃，延长线不要超载使用。
Halloween Arrives October 31: CPSC Safety Checklist Covers Flame-Resistant Costumes, Reflective Tape, Treats, and Jack-o'-Lantern Flames
Halloween falls on Saturday, October 31, and children will head out in costume to trick-or-treat. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) has long published official safety guidance that concentrates the risks in three places: costumes, treats, and decorations. A few minutes of checking before heading out can prevent the burns, trips, and blocked-vision injuries most common each Halloween.
Start with flame resistance. When buying costumes, masks, beards, and wigs, look for the "Flame Resistant" label, or choose fabrics such as nylon or polyester. Flame resistant does not mean an item will not catch fire; it means the material will resist burning and should extinguish quickly once removed from the ignition source. Avoid flimsy materials and outfits with big, baggy sleeves or billowing skirts, to minimize the risk of contact with candles and jack-o'-lanterns.
Visibility and fit matter just as much. Costumes should be light, bright, and clearly visible to motorists, decorated or trimmed with reflective tape that will glow in the beam of a car's headlights; treat bags should be light colored and trimmed with reflective tape as well. Reflective tape is available at hardware, bicycle, and sporting goods stores. Children should carry flashlights to see and be seen. Costumes should be well fitted and not drag on the ground, and children should wear sturdy, well-fitting shoes — oversized high heels are not a good idea. Tie hats and scarves securely so they cannot slip over children's eyes. For masks, a natural mask of cosmetics is preferable to a loose-fitting mask that might restrict breathing or obscure vision; if a mask is used, make sure the eye holes are large enough to allow full vision and that it fits securely.
Treats get checked before they get eaten. CPSC particularly emphasizes careful examination of all treats before children are allowed to eat them: children should not eat any treats before they get home, and adults should inspect everything for evidence of tampering and discard anything suspicious.
Finish with props and decorations. Swords, knives, and similar accessories should be made of soft, flexible material. Keep candles and jack-o'-lanterns away from landings and doorsteps where costumes could brush against the flame, and indoors keep them away from curtains, decorations, and other items that could ignite; never leave burning candles unattended. Use only decorative light strands tested for safety by a recognized testing laboratory, check each set — new or old — for broken or cracked sockets, frayed or bare wires, or loose connections, discard damaged sets, and do not overload extension cords.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：一组刻好的南瓜灯（资料图）。Carly Lesser 与 Art Drauglis 摄，CC BY-SA 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / A group of carved jack-o'-lanterns (file photo). Photo by Carly Lesser and Art Drauglis, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
