统一统筹屋顶太阳能、电池与电动车：加州公用事业委员会责令三大电力公司提出分布式能源共同框架
旧金山——加州公用事业委员会（California Public Utilities Commission，CPUC）10月29日作出决定，责令 Pacific Gas and Electric Company（PG&E）、Southern California Edison（SCE）与 San Diego Gas & Electric（SDG&E）三家加州大型电力公司，共同提出一套统筹管理分布式能源（distributed energy resources，DER）的协调框架，涵盖用户侧电池、电动车以及其他可以调节用电时间与方式的技术。
这套共同框架将让三家公司以统一方式统筹分布式能源：运用可视化、预测与调度工具，识别特定地点、特定时段的配电需求，再向符合条件的分布式能源发出信号，让其提供可核查的电网服务。
CPUC 表示，这项决定旨在帮助加州更好地利用这些本地资源满足用电需求，推进电气化与减碳，支持电网可靠运行，并有望减少或延后部分成本高昂的基础设施升级。决定同时要求各公司强化配电规划，评估灵活用电需求如何缓解电网约束、支持加州持续电气化，从而为用户节省费用。
分布式能源指直接接入配电线路、或装在用户电表之后的小型本地发电、储能与需求管理设备，可以在用电地点附近发电、储电或调节用电，例子包括屋顶太阳能配储能电池、可移峰充电的电动车，以及灵活的建筑能源系统。所谓分布式能源统筹，是由配电系统运营方——在本决定中即三家电力公司——对这些资源进行协调管理；协调得当，它们可以帮助应对高峰用电、缓解局部电网约束、支持故障恢复，并减少部分传统基础设施投资的需要。
按决定要求，三家公司须与利益相关方合作、经工作组程序听取意见后提出共同框架方案；框架必须处理开放且可互操作的通信、数据共享、网络安全、用户保护与清晰的参与路径等问题，并说明用户、能源服务商、社区选择聚合商等资源提供方如何参与，避免不必要的门槛与重复补偿。各公司的具体实施方案随后另行评估，先确立全州统一规则，再按各自技术准备程度分步推进。
负责该程序的委员 Darcie L. Houck 表示，加州电网正在演变，电池、电动车与分布式太阳能等资源投资不断增长；这些资源若得到有效协调，可以支持电力系统需求、电网可靠性与气候目标，并降低用户的电力系统成本。她说，这项决定推动全州走向一套由各公司管理与预测分布式能源的共同框架，并为加州独立系统运营商提供可视性。
CPUC 主席 John Reynolds 表示，他很高兴今天为分布式能源统筹奠定基础；未来构建一个人人受益的电网还有更多工作，在审查各公司申请时，他将特别关注可负担性与竞争中立方面的方案。
决定还要求三家公司在年度配电规划中加入新的负荷灵活性情景，自2028—2029规划周期起执行。新情景将帮助各公司评估用电需求变化——例如转移电动车充电时间、使用电池等灵活资源——如何影响电网升级的需求、时点与规模，并与现有的低、中、高需求规划情景互补，有望为用户带来可观节省。
委员 Christine Harada 表示，更好地利用现有电网，可以帮助用户更快接入并压低成本；这项决定让家庭与企业在给汽车充电、住宅电气化或扩大经营时有更多选择，同时减少昂贵升级的需要，这些选择应当易懂易用，并为用户带来真实节省。
One Common Framework for Rooftop Solar, Batteries and EVs: CPUC Orders California's Three Big Utilities to Propose a Coordinated DER Plan
San Francisco — The California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) on October 29 directed Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), Southern California Edison, and San Diego Gas & Electric to propose a coordinated framework for managing distributed energy resources (DERs), including customer-sited batteries, electric vehicles, and other technologies that can adjust when and how electricity is used.
The common DER orchestration framework will allow the coordinated management of DERs using visibility, forecasting, and scheduling tools to identify location- and time-specific distribution needs and signal eligible DERs to deliver verifiable services that align with those needs.
The CPUC said the decision aims to help California make better use of these resources to meet local electricity needs, advance electrification and decarbonization, support a reliable grid, and potentially reduce or defer the need for costly infrastructure upgrades. The decision also requires utilities to strengthen their distribution planning by evaluating how flexible electricity demand can help address grid constraints and support California's continued electrification, with the potential to create savings for ratepayers.
DERs are small-scale, local power generation, storage, and demand management devices connected directly to utility distribution wires or located behind customer meters. They can generate, store, or adjust electricity use closer to where energy is consumed; examples include rooftop solar paired with batteries, electric vehicle charging that can be shifted to different times, and flexible building energy systems. DER orchestration is the coordinated management of DERs by a distribution system operator — in this case the utilities acting in that role. When coordinated, these resources may help manage periods of high demand, address local grid constraints, support service restoration and outage mitigation, and reduce the need for certain traditional infrastructure investments.
Under the decision, the three utilities must work with stakeholders through a working group process to develop a common framework proposal. The framework must address open and interoperable communications, data sharing, cybersecurity, customer protections, and clear participation pathways, and must address how customers, energy service providers, community choice aggregators, and other resource providers can participate without unnecessary barriers or duplicative compensation. The utilities' implementation proposals will be assessed subsequently, allowing a common set of statewide rules to be established first, with incremental progress reflecting each utility's technology readiness.
Commissioner Darcie L. Houck, who is assigned to the proceeding, said California's grid is evolving, with investments in resources like batteries, electric vehicles, and distributed solar. When coordinated effectively, she said, these resources can help support the electric system's needs, grid reliability, and climate goals, and reduce electric system costs for ratepayers. She said the decision moves the state toward a common framework for the utilities to manage and forecast DERs, and creates visibility for the California Independent System Operator.
CPUC President John Reynolds said he was pleased to be laying the groundwork for DER orchestration, that there is more work ahead in building a future grid that works for everyone, and that he will be particularly interested in proposals regarding affordability and competitive neutrality when utility applications are reviewed.
The decision also directs the utilities to develop new load flexibility scenarios for their annual distribution planning process, beginning with the 2028-2029 planning cycle. The new scenarios will help utilities evaluate how changes in electricity demand — including shifting electric vehicle charging or using batteries and other flexible resources — could affect the need, timing, and size of grid upgrades, complementing the existing low-, base-, and high-demand planning scenarios, with the potential for significant ratepayer savings.
Commissioner Christine Harada said making better use of the grid California already has can help connect customers sooner and keep costs down, and that the decision gives families and businesses more options to charge a car, electrify a home, or expand operations while reducing the need for costly upgrades. She said those options need to be easy to understand and easy to use, and must deliver real savings for ratepayers.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：加州公用事业委员会（CPUC）总部所在的旧金山州办公大楼（Governor Edmund G. Pat Brown Building），Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA 4.0；GSM 自家图库加州包 ca-cpuc-building。 / Photo: The San Francisco state office building (Governor Edmund G. Pat Brown Building) housing the California Public Utilities Commission headquarters. Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0; GSM California asset pack ca-cpuc-building.
