奥地利：2027年家庭电网费预计平均下降3.6%，新收费结构下每户一年约省24欧元
奥地利家庭的电费负担有望减轻：奥地利经济与能源部10月29日发布，独立监管机构 E-Control 的测算显示，在「平价电法」（Billigstromgesetz）改革下，2027年全国家庭户的电网使用费与电网损耗费平均将下降约3.6%，相当于每户每年省约15欧元。
在新的收费结构下，平均每户的降幅可达5.7%，约合每年24欧元。相关条例草案已经送交咨询。背景是：奥地利电网费2025年上涨超过20%；靠有针对性地动用监管账户资金，2026年的涨幅被压在约1%；2027年将是电网费再次转为下降的第一年。2027至2029年，共有4.5亿欧元可用于抑制电网成本。
政府的法律为电网成本设下「刹车」，延长了电网组件的折旧年限，并为更高效地使用电网创造法律条件；具体的电网收费与储备金使用，由独立监管机构 E-Control 每年确定。经济与能源部长沃尔夫冈·哈特曼斯多费尔表示，目标是在需要的地方更快地建设新线路、更好地使用现有线路、避免不必要的成本。
能源国务秘书伊丽莎白·策黑特纳表示，电价可负担也需要电网可负担；在新结构下，能够转移用电时段、智能地为电动汽车充电或避开同时用电高峰的家庭与企业将可以受益。她同时提醒，各电网区域的情况并不相同，部分地区2027年仍会上涨。
燃气方面，家庭燃气网费预计平均上涨约7%，主要原因是燃气销量与过境量下降，相对固定的基础设施成本须由更少的用量分摊。政府正在准备修订《燃气经济法》，内容包括为未来的氢能经济建立法律框架、前瞻性地发展燃气基础设施，以及为长期不再需要的配气网段制定退役计划。上述2027年数字目前仍是初步测算，处于咨询阶段，E-Control 将在此后确定最终收费。
Austria: Household Electricity Network Charges Projected to Fall 3.6% in 2027, Saving About €24 a Year Under the New Tariff Structure
Austrian households may see some relief on their electricity bills: the Federal Ministry for Economy and Energy announced on October 29 that calculations by the independent regulator E-Control indicate household electricity network-use and network-loss charges will fall by an Austrian average of about 3.6% in 2027 under the "Billigstromgesetz" (Affordable Electricity Act) reforms, worth relief of about €15 per household per year.
Under the new tariff structure, the reduction for an average household could reach 5.7%, or about €24 per year. The corresponding draft ordinance has been sent out for consultation. Network charges had risen by more than 20% in 2025; targeted use of regulatory-account funds limited the 2026 increase to about 1%, making 2027 the first year of a renewed decline. About €450 million is available for 2027–2029 to damp network costs.
The federal government's law created a brake on network costs, lengthened depreciation periods for network components and set legal conditions for more efficient network use; the concrete charges and the use of reserves are set annually by E-Control. Economy and Energy Minister Wolfgang Hattmannsdorfer said the aim is to build new lines faster where they are needed, use existing lines better and avoid unnecessary costs.
Energy State Secretary Elisabeth Zehetner said affordable electricity also requires affordable networks, and that under the new structure, households and businesses able to shift consumption, charge electric vehicles intelligently or avoid simultaneous peaks could benefit. She noted that regional variation remains, and some network areas will still see increases in 2027.
Gas network charges for households are projected to rise by an Austrian average of about 7%, mainly because falling gas sales and transit volumes spread largely fixed infrastructure costs over less consumption. The government is preparing an amendment to the Gas Industry Act covering a legal framework for a future hydrogen economy, forward-looking development of gas infrastructure and decommissioning plans for distribution-network sections no longer needed long term. The 2027 figures are preliminary and subject to consultation; E-Control will set the final charges afterwards.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：奥地利的风力发电机组。照片：Pawel Owsinski，CC0，经 Wikimedia Commons。Photo: Wind turbines in Austria. Photo: Pawel Owsinski, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons.
