联合国与教科文组织呼吁保护冲突地区女记者：两年189名记者遇害，86%的命案未被追责
据联合国新闻10月28日报道，在11月2日「终止针对记者犯罪不受惩罚现象国际日」来临之际，联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）与联合国妇女署10月27日在纽约举行活动，来自阿富汗、哥伦比亚、菲律宾、索马里与苏丹的女记者现身说法；记者与联合国官员呼吁紧急行动，保护那些在危机地区记录冲突的女性。
UNESCO 性别平等司司长 Begoña Lasagabaster 在会上回顾了展览《她们向世界讲述了这一切》——90年前西班牙内战期间，来自25个国家的近200名女记者报道了那场战争：「当世界多在数算战役时，她们数算的是生命，她们写饥饿、写流离失所、写战争对一位母亲、一个父亲、一个孩子意味着什么。」诺贝尔和平奖得主、菲律宾记者 Maria Ressa 说：「每一个为和平发出的声音都算数，但前提是这个声音能被听见，这位女性在发声之后还能活下去。」
UNESCO 即将发布的总干事报告要点显示，2024至2025年共有189名记者在暴力袭击中遇害，其中67%发生在冲突地区，50人死于无人机袭击；针对记者命案的整体未追责率自2012年开始测量以来首次上升，达到86%，即近九成命案在司法上没有下文。女记者还同时面临身体暴力、法律骚扰、心理创伤与旨在抹黑其报道的网络攻击。
与会者提出的建议包括：及时、公正地调查袭击并追究刑责，承认针对女记者的暴力具有性别性质；把网络暴力当作暴力对待并纳入预警；提供与威胁同样迅速的保护，包括紧急签证、转移安置、法律援助与医疗心理支持，并覆盖地方与自由记者；追究科技平台责任；资助女性主导的媒体；释放因报道入狱的女记者。UNESCO 将配合今年的国际日发起新倡导，主题是「威胁在演变，有罪不罚依旧」。
UN and UNESCO Urge Protection for Women Journalists in Conflict Zones: 189 Journalists Killed in Two Years, Impunity at 86%
UN News reported on October 28 that, ahead of the International Day to End Impunity for Crimes against Journalists on November 2, UNESCO and UN Women brought together women journalists from Afghanistan, Colombia, the Philippines, Somalia and Sudan in New York on October 27. Journalists and UN leaders called for urgent action to protect the women who document conflict from crisis zones, as online abuse, gender-based attacks and impunity ramp up the threats they face.
Begoña Lasagabaster, Director of UNESCO's Division for Gender Equality, recalled the exhibition "They Told the World About It," documenting almost 200 women journalists from more than 25 countries who reported on the Spanish Civil War 90 years ago. "While much of the world counted battles, these women counted lives — they wrote about hunger, displacement, about what war does to a mother, a father, a child, a city, a country," she said. Nobel Peace Prize laureate and journalist Maria Ressa added: "Every voice for peace counts, but a voice only counts if it is heard, if that woman survives being heard."
Highlights from UNESCO's forthcoming Director-General's report show that 189 journalists were killed in violent attacks in 2024 and 2025 alone; 67 per cent of the killings occurred in conflict zones, and 50 journalists were killed by drones. The overall impunity rate for journalist killings has risen by one percentage point to 86 per cent — the first increase since UNESCO began measuring in 2012 — leaving almost nine out of ten killings judicially unresolved. Women journalists also face physical violence, legal harassment, psychological trauma and online campaigns designed to discredit their reporting.
Recommendations from the panel included investigating attacks promptly and impartially and recognising the gender-based nature of the violence; treating online violence as violence; making protection fast and accessible, including emergency visas, relocation, legal aid and psychosocial care that reach local and freelance journalists; holding tech platforms accountable; funding women-led journalism; making newsrooms safe; and releasing women journalists jailed for their work. UNESCO's campaign for this year's International Day runs under the theme "Threats Evolve, Impunity Endures."
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：一名佩戴记者证的女记者在街头采访拍摄（资料图）。照片：CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: A woman journalist wearing a press credential photographs an assignment on the street (file photo). CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
